Often, humans and other animals move in a manner that minimizes energy costs. It is more economical to walk at slow speeds, and to run at fast speeds. Here, we asked whether humans select a gait that minimizes neuromuscular effort under novel and unfamiliar conditions, by imposing interlimb asymmetry during split-belt treadmill locomotion. The walk-run transition speed changed markedly across d...

to date, a number of numerical methods, including the popular finite-difference time domain (fdtd) technique, have been proposed to simulate ground-penetrating radar (gpr) responses. despite having a number of advantages, the finite-difference method also has pitfalls such as being very time consuming in simulating the most common case of media with high dielectric permittivity, causing the for...

Arbitrage-free models for valuing interest rate securities posit that stochastic changes in spot or forward interest rates (forward rate " speed ") follow a diffusion process. This paper extends the Heath, Jarrow and Morton (1992, HJM) framework by allowing diffusive shocks to both the " speed " and " acceleration " of forward rates. The arbitrage-free restriction on forward rates is identified...

this research presents a guidance-assistance system for agricultural swing machines. the new automatic steering system controls the vehicle based upon the position of the traces of the previous operation carried out on the field. for each image the trace of the tilled soil by seed drill is placed either on the center line, or on either side of the line. for traces coinciding with images' c...

Background: Forward head posture is one of the most prevalent abnormal postures in patients with neck disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of forward head posture on gait ground reaction force characteristics in children. Methods: Twelve children with forward head posture (age: 11.8±1.3 years) and sixteen healthy control children (...

Some aspects of backward locomotion are similar to forward locomotion, while other aspects are not related to their forward counterpart. The backward preferred transition speed (BPTS) has never been directly compared to the energetically optimal transition speed (EOTS), nor has it been compared to the preferred transition speed (PTS) during forward locomotion. The purpose of this study was to d...

To date, a number of numerical methods, including the popular Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique, have been proposed to simulate Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) responses. Despite having a number of advantages, the finite-difference method also has pitfalls such as being very time consuming in simulating the most common case of media with high dielectric permittivity, causing the for...