PURPOSE To show how safe maximum levels (SML) of vitamins and minerals in fortified foods and supplements may be estimated in population subgroups. METHODS SML were estimated for adults and 7- to 10-year-old children for six nutrients (retinol, vitamins B6, D and E, folic acid, iron and calcium) using data on usual daily nutrient intakes from Irish national nutrition surveys. RESULTS SML of...

Background and Objectives: : Vitamin D3 measurement in food and fortified food matrixes is usually interrupted by several variables. This study aimed to elaborate a specific vitamin D3 quantification method for fortified Taftoon bread considering different influential variables in each step of measurement. Materials and Methods: Dough was fortified with (4μg/100g) and the sta...

BACKGROUND Micronutrient deficiency is a common public health problem in developing countries, especially for infants and children in the first two years of life. As this is an important time window for child development, micronutrient fortified complementary feeding after 6 months of age, for example with milk or cereals products, in combination with continued breastfeeding, is recommended. Th...

This study compares the eating habits and consumption of natural and fortified iron sources in pregnant and reproductive aged women. This cross-sectional study was developed in a health center located in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. We studied 61 women, of which 30 were pregnant. A food frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour recall instrument were used. The main natural sources of iron were beans and ...

There is an industry-driven public obsession with antioxidants, which are equated to safe, health-giving molecules to be swallowed as mega-dose supplements or in fortified foods. Sometimes they are good for you, but sometimes they may not be, and pro-oxidants can be better for you in some circumstances. This article re-examines and challenges some basic assumptions in the nutritional antioxidan...

Micronutrients not only benefit women's health during childbearing years and during pregnancy and lactation, but they also have substantial impact on women's health during adolescence and the aging years. Thus, for women, diet quality is important for health today and in the future. Realizing that there are many ways to improve the quality of a diet and to obtain adequate amounts of vitamins an...

The Skylab manned space flight program presented unique food microbiology problems. This challenge was successfully met by careful evaluation of the total Skylab food system by considering the nature of Skylab foods, their processing and handling, and Skylab food safety requirements. Some of the unique problems encountered with the Skylab foods involved: extended storage times, variations in st...

Fermented foods have been a well-established part of the human diet for thousands of years, without much of an appreciation for, or an understanding of, their underlying microbial functionality, until recently. The use of many organisms derived from these foods, and their applications in probiotics, have further illustrated their impact on gastrointestinal wellbeing and diseases affecting other...

'Discretionary fortification' refers to the addition of vitamins and minerals to foods at the discretion of manufacturers for marketing purposes, but not as part of a planned public health intervention. While the nutrients added may correspond to needs in the population, an examination of novel beverages sold in Toronto supermarkets revealed added nutrients for which there is little or no evide...