A careful analysis of the original definition of formal topology led to the introduction of a new primitive, namely a positivity relation between elements and subsets. This is, in other terms, a direct intuitionistic treatment of the notion of closed subset in formal topology. However, since formal open subsets do not determine formal closed subsets uniquely, the new concept of positivity relat...

ion) and in that it neatly separates formal from content operations. Still, we have one further refinement to make. In our view, integration operations may be of two kinds: integration by schematic enrichment and integration by combination. We discuss each mode of integration in turn. Francisco J. Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez & Francisco Santibáñez Sáenz 310 Figure 2. Ruiz de Mendoza & Peña’s Combine...

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The paper considers the problem of defining concepts within formal ontologies. A number of distinct modes of definition are identified, which represent alternative viewpoints on the classification of objects. The nature of these modes is examined and interactions and correlations between them are considered. This analysis is used to characterise a number of key problems that confront the attemp...

We describe in this article an annotation scheme for deep dependency syntax, built from the surface annotation scheme of the Sequoia corpus, abstracting away from it and expressing the grammatical relations between content words. When these grammatical relations take part into verbal diatheses, we consider the diatheses as resulting from redistributions from the canonical diathesis, which we re...

We describe our contribution to the SemEval task on Frame-Semantic Structure Extraction. Unlike most previous systems described in literature, ours is based on dependency syntax. We also describe a fully automatic method to add words to the FrameNet lexical database, which gives an improvement in the recall of frame detection.

Yoad Winter’s Elements of Formal Semantics is a lucid, well-organized, rather concise, and opinionated introductory textbook of formal natural language semantics. “Formal semantics” here refers to the study of sentence meaning and its tight connection to sentence structure, described with precision using mathematical methods. Elements introduces the central questions, concerns, and techniques o...

This paper explains the principles of dependency analysis by reduction and its correspondence to the notions of dependency and dependency tree. The explanation is illustrated by examples from Czech, a language with a relatively high degree of word-order freedom. The paper sums up the basic features of methods of dependency syntax. The method serves as a basis for the verification (and explanati...