the aim of this research is consider the importance of decision maker level of analysis in the study of foreign policy. this capability created by the regard to the role of man in foreign policy and international relations theories. however, the main research question is whether the decision maker level of analysis will be the theoretical support for the analysis of foreign policy and what are ...

This article traces the development of Japan’s foreign policy since the end of World War II. It asks whether the concept of a reactive state is still valid as an explanation of Japan’s foreign policy in the post-Cold War era. The article surveys the origins and key features of the Yoshida Doctrine, and discusses the limitations placed on Japan’s Cold War foreign policy. The article introduces t...

Although there appears to be no Australian foreign policy statement on health, much of our existing foreign policy has health implications, ranging across security, economic, political and humanitarian objectives. Humanitarian motives have influenced Australia's foreign-aid policy, but our aid program, like our wider foreign policy, has a large national interest component. A generalised approac...

as putin regained the power in russia, the situation gave a second chance to this country to avoid both the west and the benefits of convergence with its foreign policy and regional and trans-regional equations. this can take advantages from other side. approach of russia to divergence and independence with the west will increase level of russian hegemony on international arena. the main questi...

the scientific development in today’s globalized environment calls for increasing interaction with scientific and technological centers. scientific networks and networking with reliance on scientific and academic experts constitute one of the existing strategies to achieve this objective. through the passage of history, iran has had economic and cultural exchange with countries located in the i...

â â â  given companies’ dynamic responses to expected exchange rate changes, this article improves on current methods of measuring exposure to foreign exchange rate changes by breaking down the spot exchange rate changes into expected changes and unexpected changes. the currency risk exposure coefficients resulting from an empirical analysis of shanghai stock exchange a share listed companies...

Attitudes towards foreign policy have typically been explained by ideological and demographic factors. We approach this study from a different perspective and ex amine the extent to which foreign policy preferences correspond to genetic variation. Using data from the Minnesota Twin Family Study, we show that a moderate share of individual differences in the degree to which one's foreign policy ...

The rise of global health issues within the world of foreign policy is precipitating great interest in the concept and practice of health diplomacy. Much discussion of this new field, particularly within the global health community, has narrowly focused on how diplomatic negotiations and foreign policy can be used to support global health goals [1,2]. Recent articles claim, for example, that ‘‘...