Over the last few years, a wide variety of background subtraction algorithms have been proposed for the detection of moving objects in videos acquired with a static camera. While much effort have been devoted to the development of robust background models, the automatic spatial selection of useful features for representing the background has been neglected. In this paper, we propose a generic a...

This paper proposes a novel image representation which can properly handle both background and illumination variations. It is therefore adapted to the person/face reidentification tasks, avoiding the use of any additional pre-processing steps such as foreground-background separation or face and body part segmentation. This novel representation relies on the combination of Biologically Inspired ...

We propose an extension of the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) that allows the joint shape and appearance of foreground objects in cluttered images to be modeled independently of the background. We present a learning scheme that learns this representation directly from cluttered images with only very weak supervision. The model generates plausible samples and performs foreground-background s...

The use of molecular markers for the introgression of one or several superior QTL alleles into a recipient line is investigated using analytic and simulation results. The positions of the markers devoted to the control of the genotype at the QTLs in a "foreground selection" step are optimized given the confidence interval of the QTL position. Results demonstrate that using at least three marker...

A novel stereoscopic object segmentation method based on disparity and temporal-spatial cues is proposed in this paper. First, a foreground layer map is generated from a patched disparity image and a motion object map is produced using an adaptive reference frame selection method. Then the intersection of these two maps is used to extract the foreground motion objects. In the foreground layer m...

A new approach to contrast enhancement of mail piece images is presented. The contrast enhancement is used as a preprocessing step in the real-time address block location (RT-ABL) system. The RT-ABL system processes a stream of mail piece images and locates destination address blocks. Most of the mail pieces (classified into letters) show high contrast between background and foreground. As an e...

The branch-site model is a widely popular approach that accommodates for the lineage- and the site-specific heterogeneity of natural selection regimes among coding sequences. This model relies on prior knowledge of the (foreground) lineage(s) evolving under positive selection at some sites. Unfortunately, such prior information is not always available in practice. A more recent technique (Guind...

When the foreground objects have variegated appearance and/or manifest articulated motion, not to mention the momentary occlusions by other unintended objects, a segmentation method based on single video and a bottom-up approach is often insufficient for their extraction. In this paper, we present a video co-segmentation method to address the aforementioned challenges. Departing from the object...