Native topology correlates with folding rate: entangled topological relationships between protein loops facilitate folding. High numbers of topologically independent units (circuits) – normalized by size are associated fast kinetics.

To compensate for the lack of abstraction in field origami, this paper, we propose a categorical description that can be introduced to map folding. Specifically, use particular expression abstract folding process with logical matrices. When operations are restricted two certain kinds, simple folds and unfolds, define categories partly folded states as poset categories. The property posets induc...

It is well-known that the typical protein’s three-dimensional structure is relatively unstable in harsh conditions. A practical approach to maintain the folded state and thus improve the stability and activity of proteins in unusual circumstances is to directly apply stabilizing substances such as osmolytes to the protein-containing solutions. Osmolytes as natural occurring organic molecules ty...

It is well-known that the typical protein’s three-dimensional structure is relatively unstable in harsh conditions. A practical approach to maintain the folded state and thus improve the stability and activity of proteins in unusual circumstances is to directly apply stabilizing substances such as osmolytes to the protein-containing solutions. Osmolytes as natural occurring organic molecules ty...

Understanding how monomeric proteins fold under in vitro conditions is crucial to describing their functions in the cellular context. Significant advances in theory and experiments have resulted in a conceptual framework for describing the folding mechanisms of globular proteins. The sizes of proteins in the denatured and folded states, cooperativity of the folding transition, dispersions in th...