Streambank erosion is known to be a major source of sediment in streams and rivers. The Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM) was developed in order to predict streambank retreat due to both fluvial erosion and geotechnical failure. However, few, if any, model evaluations using long-term streambank retreat data have been performed. The objectives of this research were to (1) monitor long...

The ecology of viruses has been studied only in a limited number of rivers and streams. In light of a recent re-appraisal of the global fluvial surface area, issues such as abundance and production, host mortality and the influence of suspended particles and biofilms are addressed. Viral life cycles, potential impacts of viruses on water biochemistry and carbon flow, and viral diversity are con...

Widespread Amazonian-aged fluvial channels have been mapped proximal to Lyot crater, a ~225 km diameter impact basin in the northern lowlands of Mars. Comparable in area to some Noachian/Hesperian fluvial systems, their morphology differs, being dominated by broad, shallow braided channels. Using new developments in the study of cratering, water inventory, and climate history, we assess eight d...

[1] We present evidence that a final epoch of widespread fluvial erosion and deposition in the cratered highlands during the latest Noachian or early to mid-Hesperian was characterized by integration of flow within drainage networks as long as 4000 km and trunk valley incision of 50 to 350 m into earlier Noachian depositional basins. Locally deltaic sediments were deposited where incised valley...

In the largest known population of sinuous ridges on Mars, Aeolis Serpens stands out as the longest ( 500 km) feature in Aeolis Dorsa. The formation of this landform, whether from fluvial or glacio-fluvial processes, has been debated in the literature. Here we examine higher-resolution data and use a terrestrial analog (the Mirackina paleoriver, South Australia) to show that both the morphology...

Uranium-thorium dating of speleothems from two caves in the Junee-Florentine karst, Tasmania, provides some age constraints for associated clastic sediments including coarse dolerite-rich fluvial gravels, which underlie the three oldest dated speleothems. The results suggest minimum ages of 15 ± 5 ka, ~325 ka and >350 ka (two dates) for the gravels, implying that they are considerably older tha...

Introduction Conclusions References