To examine the question of why the pacing rate and duration of atrial pacing are crucial factors in the successful interruption of atrial flutter, studies were performed on 30 patients in the period following open heart surgery. In each patient the diagnosis of atrial flutter was made using a pair of wire electrodes placed on the right atrial epicardium at the time of operation and brought out ...

1. Introduction fundamental features that determine whether the atrial tachyarrhythmia becomes atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation There has been a long recognized clinical interrelation-often will be the atrial flutter cycle length, i.e. the cycle ship between atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Patients length of a stable atrial reentrant circuit which develops. If who primarily manifes...

OBJECTIVE To highlight the association between atrial flutter and accessory connections in the fetus and young infant. DESIGN A retrospective review from January 1985 to January 1990. PATIENTS Fetuses, neonates, and young infants with atrial flutter. RESULTS Four fetuses and five infants presented with atrial flutter. In two fetuses and one infant sinus rhythm returned spontaneously. The ...

In an earlier comparative study reported between Flutter device and Autogenic Drainage, Skaria et al. [5], found that Flutter device is more effective than the forced expiratory technique i.e. Autogenic Drainage. They reported greater improvement in terms of oxygen saturation and peak expiratory flow rate in the patients of moderate chronic bronchitis, who had used Flutter device. Ernst et al. ...

This paper investigates the problem of active flutter suppression for a two-dimensional three degrees of freedom (3DOF) airfoil. With the influence of unsteady aerodynamic forces and parametric uncertainties, the output suboptimal control law design for a 3DOF airfoil control system is transformed into a constrained optimization problem. Then, the flutter robust suppression control law could be...

the effect of axial deformation of shell particles on the dynamic instability (flutter) of cantilevered cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials (fgm) under an end axial follower force is addressed. to this end, at first, results for free vibration of fgm cylindrical shells were verified with previous outcomes and they were in very good agreement. then, the effect of axial defor...

The goal of the flutter shutter is to make uniform motion blur invertible, by a “fluttering” shutter that opens and closes on a sequence of well chosen sub-intervals of the exposure time interval. In other words, the photon flux is modulated according to a well chosen sequence called flutter shutter code. This article provides a numerical method that computes optimal flutter shutter codes in te...

Background Slight variation in cycle lengths of common and rapid atrial flutter in humans is an established phenomenon, but its mechanisms have not been completely clarified. In a previous study, we demonstrated that in common atrial flutter the variations in atrial cycle length were due to atrial stretch affecting the revolution time of a reentrant circuit. In the present study, we investigate...

Background. We report that rapid atrial pacing interrupts atrial flutter when the orthodromic wave front from the pacing impulse is blocked in an area of slow conduction in the reentry circuit. To characterize the area of slow conduction during atrial flutter and rapid pacing, we studied 11 episodes of induced atrial flutter, mean cycle length 157+±20 msec, in eight dogs with sterile pericardit...

The prediction of flutter instability is of major concern for design of flexible structures. This necessitates the identification of aeroelastic parameters, known as flutter derivatives from wind tunnel experiments. The extraction of flutter derivatives becomes more challenging when the number of degrees of freedom (DOF) increases from two to three. Since the work in the field of identifying al...