abstract the present study deals with a comparison between reactive and pre-emptive focus-on-form in terms of application and efficiency. it was conducted in an intermediate english class in shahroud. 15 male learners participated in this research and their age ranged from 18 to 25. a course book, new interchange 3, and a complementary book were used. every session the learners gave lectures o...

abstract this study attempted to investigate the strategies used to translate clichés of emotions in dubbed movies in iranian dubbing context for home video companies. the corpus of the current study was parallel and comparable in nature, consisting of five original american movies and their dubbed versions in persian, and five original persian movies which served as a touchstone for judging n...

‎in this article‎, ‎we have focused one some basic and productive information about the properties of spectrum and singular values related to compact operators which are ideals in a c*-algebra of bounded operators‎. ‎considering a two-sided connection between the family of symmetric gauge functions on sequence of singular values of compact operators and symmetric norms on finite dimensional ope...

on- the-job training on of the most effective tools for managers to cope with the changing organizational environment. it grantess suitable services to customers, particularly in public service enterprises. if such training os goal oriented, planned systematically, and tailored to the employees, job content, then not only it could increase employees and organizational performance, but also it c...

Range species forages have different quality and feeding value in different site and times. Therefore research carried out to Investigate of Plantago Coronopus Forage Quality at different phenological Growth Stages in Five Habitats of Golestan Province (Goomishan, soofikam, Sangar Tappeh, Inchehbroon and chaparghoymeh). Samples were collected  from two phonological stages (vegetative and seed r...

fluorescence chemical sensors for the highly sensitive and selective determination of pb2+ , hg2+, co2+ and fe3+ ions in aqueous solutions are described. the ion sensing system was prepared by incorporating lipophilic ligand (l) as a neutral ion-selective fluoroionophore in the plasticized pvc membrane containing sodium tetraphenylborate or potasium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate as a liphoph...

Due to the extensive area and biodiversity, rangelands contribute to meeting the nutritional requirements of grazing livestock; Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the nutritional value of four range species including Malcolmia africana, Plantago lanceolata, Phlomis cancellata, and Klasea latifolia in the mountainous rangelands of Torbat-e Jam. The sampling of plants was randomly do...