1. Kulkarni PM, Wang S. Re: "Assessing the direction of causality in cross-sectional studies." (Letter). Am J Epidemiol 1997;146:786-7. 2. Flanders WD, Lin L, Pirkle JL, et al. Assessing the direction of causality in cross-sectional studies. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135:926-35. 3. Greenland S, Robins JM. Identifiability, exchangeability, and epidemiological confounding. Int J Epidemiol 1986;15: 413...

1 Howest, ELIT, University College West Flanders, G. K. De Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium 2 Department of Mathematical Analysis, Research Group NaM2, University of Ghent, Galglaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 3 Department of Architecture, Sint-Lucas Visual Arts, Institute for Higher Education in the Sciences and the Arts, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 4 Howest, Industrial Design Center, University College...

INTRODUCTION Sometime during the summer of 1949 Hugh Clegg first met Allan Flanders, who had arrived at Oxford to take up the post of Senior Lecturer in Industrial Relations (IR) from the start of the Michaelmas term. For the next twenty years, their partnership shaped the development of a peculiarly English IR paradigm. Flanders and Clegg were the nucleus of the early postwar 'Oxford School' o...

In this paper, similarities and differences are outlined between adults with self reported learning disabilities (SRLD) drawn from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) data on adult literacy in The Netherlands and Flanders. These results are discussed in terms of striking differences in the educational context within which the adults developed. The literacy skills of SRLD adults in Th...

This work was supported by grants from the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (Belgium), the Research-fund of Ghent University and the Belgian Federation against Cancer, non profit organisation. F. S. is a Ph.D. student and K. V. B. is a post-doc., both supported by the Research-fund of Ghent University. V. D. C. and A. S. F. are research assistants of the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders.

A few months ago, I was asked by our faculty administration to write a paper about medical education at the University of Antwerp in Flanders, the Dutch speaking part of Belgium. They thought I was the right person for this assignment because not only do I know the faculty of medicine as a student, I also participated in the development of the education programme. In the following, I will highl...

Andrew Axer1, Robert C. Beckett2, Jennifer Jones3: 1Johnson Creek Secure Treatment Facility, Columbia Care Services, Inc. 2808 SE Balfour Street Milwaukie, OR 97222; 2Columbia Care Services, Inc. 2015 NW 507 Flanders St., Portland, Oregon 97209 USA; 3Office 3587 Heathrow Way Medford, OR 97504; Correspondence address: Andrew Axer, Columbia Care Services, Inc.; 2015 NW 507 Flanders St., Portland,...

This article develops a hedonic difference-in-difference model for the potential impact of on-shore wind turbines on property prices two residential housing markets in Flanders, Belgium. The proposed empirical framework acknowledges possibility anticipation and time effects. is estimated using transaction data set ranging from 2004 to 2017 East West Flanders areas, which are linked available ge...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer incidence rate in Belgian women was as high as 152.7 for 100 000 in 2003 (adjusted on European population). We made an estimation of the contribution of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on breast cancer incidence from 1999 to 2005 in women aged 50-69 years in Flanders. METHODS Breast cancer data were extracted from the Belgium Cancer Registry. Drug consumption was co...

We present a nonparametric approach for the equity and e¢ ciency evaluation of (private and public) primary schools in Flanders. First, we use a nonparametric (Data Envelopment Analysis) model that is specially tailored to assess educational e¢ ciency at the pupil level. The model accounts for the fact that minimal prior structure is typically available for the behavior (objectives and feasibil...