Concern has mounted over health effects caused by exposure to flame retardant additives used in consumer products. Significant research efforts have focused particularly on exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) used in furniture and electronic applications. However, little attention has focused on applications in textiles, particularly textiles meeting a flammability standard known...

Turbulent premixed combustion is a major active research topic in combustion science. A number of computational studies have focused on idealized configurations to aid in interpreting flame dynamics observed in the laboratory, including one-dimensional strained flames, two-dimensional vortex/flame interactions and limited three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. In this paper, we present...

Microgravity experiments were conducted in the 2.2-s drop-tower facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center to study the transient response of the burner-generated spherical diffusion flame caused by its initial displacement from the steady-state position. The experiment involved issuing H2/CH4/inert mixtures of constant fuel mass flow rates from a bronze, porous, 1.27-cm-diameter, spherical bur...

Aryl polyphosphonates (ArPPN) have been demonstrated to function in wide applications as flame retardants for different polymer materials, including thermosets, polycarbonate, polyesters and polyamides, particularly due to their satisfactory thermal stability compared to aliphatic flame retardants, and to their desirable flow behavior observed during the processing of polymeric materials. This ...

Most polymers exhibit high flammability and poor degradability, which restrict their applications and causes serious environmental problem like "white pollution." Thus, titanate nanotubes (TNTs) were adopted to decorate graphene oxide (GO) by a facile solution method to afford TNTs/GO nanocomposites with potential in improving the flame retardancy and photodegradability of flexible polyvinyl ch...

the flame propagation through a coal dust-air mixture in a spherical vessel was studied by means of a one-dimensional, arrhenius-type kinetics and quasi-steady model. the model includes the evaporation of the volatile matter of dust particles into a known gaseous fuel (methane) and the single-stage reaction of the gas-phase combustion. effect of venting devices as safety idea and the radiation ...

premixed combustion is widely used for reducing pollutant emission from combustion chambers. however, these systems may be sensitive to complex phenomena such as flashback. in the present study flame, flashback and structure of premixed laminar flames are investigated theoretically. the mathematical model includes the axi-symmetric continuity, navier stocks, energy, and species equations. combu...

Experiments were performed to analyze the interaction of an explosively driven shock wave and a propane flame. A 30 g explosive charge was detonated at one end of a 3-m-long, 0.6-m-diameter shock tube to produce a shock wave which propagated into the atmosphere. A propane flame source was positioned at various locations outside of the shock tube to investigate the effect of different strength s...

nanoclay/triphenyl phosphate hybrid system was employed to examine the fire retardancy and mechanical properties of pc/abs blends. each of the polymers and their blends are widely used in the automotive, electrical andelectronic industries. because most thermoplastics are easily combustible they need to be flame retarded to reduce the burning rate especially in the initial phase of a fire incid...

Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, CEFAS Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK Norwegian...