The conformal Killing equations for the most general (nonplane wave) conformally flat pure radiation field are solved to find the conformal Killing vectors. As expected fifteen independent conformal Killing vectors exist, but in general the metric admits no Killing or homothetic vectors. However for certain special cases a one-dimensional group of homotheties or motions may exist and in one ver...

We prove that the extended Toda hierarchy of [1] admits nonabelian Lie algebra of infinitesimal symmetries isomorphic to the half of the Virasoro algebra. The generators Lm, m ≥ −1 of the Lie algebra act by linear differential operators onto the tau function of the hierarchy. We also prove that the tau function of a generic solution to the extended Toda hierarchy is annihilated by a combination...

The nilmanifolds admitting Anosov automorphisms correspond to Anosov Lie algebras, which in turn determine very special algebraic units in number fields. By studying properties of these algebraic units using basic field theory, we can rule out many possibilities for a Lie algebra to be Anosov. This technique is useful for the classification of Anosov Lie algebras and hence the classification of...

This paper examines the challenges involved in commanding a field hospital. There are frequent, dynamic tensions between the military culture that is based on a task-focussed, hierarchical structure and the clinical culture that is based on flat, process-focussed, multidisciplinary teams. The paper outlines the cultural environment of the field hospital and then examines the deployment sequence...

Real-world data is that collected outside the constraints of controlled clinical trials and is increasingly informing decision-making in healthcare. The landscape of real-world data in the United Kingdom is set to evolve over the coming months as the government plans to build on databases currently in place by collecting patient data from all family practices and linking this information with h...

BACKGROUND From 2004 to 2009 there was almost a 12% rise in emergency admissions in England. This can be explained partly by an aging population and other socio-demographic characteristics, but much cannot be explained by these factors. We explored aspects of care, in addition to known demographic characteristics in general practice, that are associated with emergency admissions. METHODS A cr...

Acute pancreatitis (AP) constitutes the majority of cases requiring hospital admission in gastroenterology. We are yet to know many things about its pathophysiology which is a certain drawback for the progress in its treatment. Prediction of severity is necessary for the plan of the management. The existing scoring systems are yet to be satisfactory. However our progress in the field was signif...

We show that the (semi-infinite) Ablowitz–Ladik (AL) hierarchy admits a centerless Virasoro algebra of master symmetries in the sense of Fuchssteiner [Progr. Theoret. Phys. 70 (1983), 1508–1522]. An explicit expression for these symmetries is given in terms of a slight generalization of the Cantero, Moral and Velázquez (CMV) matrices [Linear Algebra Appl. 362 (2003), 29–56] and their action on ...

1 Department of Dermatology, Charité – University Medical Centre Berlin, Charité Platz 1, Berlin, D-10117, Germany 2 Department of Dermatology, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, Lanarkshire, ML6 0JS, UK 3 Department of Dermatology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio Coppito 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy 4 Service de Dermatologie Allergologie, Hôpital Cochin, 89 rue d’Assas, 75006 Paris, France and Univer...

We prove that the extended Toda hierarchy of [1] admits nonabelian Lie algebra of infinitesimal symmetries isomorphic to the half of the Virasoro algebra. The generators Lm, m ≥ −1 of the Lie algebra act by linear differential operators onto the tau function of the hierarchy. We also prove that the tau function of a generic solution to the extended Toda hierarchy is annihilated by a combination...