FetA, formerly designated FrpB, an iron-regulated, 76-kDa neisserial outer membrane protein, shows sequence homology to the TonB-dependent family of receptors that transport iron into gram-negative bacteria. Although FetA is commonly expressed by most neisserial strains and is a potential vaccine candidate for both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis, its function in cell physiolog...

This month's installment of Generally Physiological focuses on movement across membranes, discussing how the human growth hormone (hGH) receptor transmits the ligand-binding signal across the cell membrane to activate intracellular signaling pathways , how the bacterial outer membrane transport protein FepA reaches out to grasp its substrate, and the identification of two disparate functions fo...

Catecholamines may stimulate enteric bacteria including the foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) by two mechanisms in vivo: as a quorum sensing signal and a supplier of iron. To identify genes of Salmonella Typhimurium that respond to norepinephrine, transposon mutagenesis and DNA microarray analysis were performed. Insertional mutations in the fol...

Ligand-gated membrane channels selectively facilitate the entry of iron into prokaryotic cells. The essential role of iron in metabolism makes its acquisition a determinant of bacterial pathogenesis and a target for therapeutic strategies. In Gram-negative bacteria, TonB-dependent outer membrane proteins form energized, gated pores that bind iron chelates (siderophores) and internalize them. Th...

According to Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) Act of 1990, under section 38 a very lucid definition of environment was given as thus: ‘Environment includes water, air, land and all plants and human beings and/or animals living there in and the interrelationships which exist among these or any of them.’’ Thus, ‘’environment’’ comprises land, air, water and all the physical structur...

background and objectives: enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 has been recognized as a major food borne pathogen responsible for frequent hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. cattle are important reservoirs of e. coli o157:h7, in which the organism colonizes the intestinal tract and is shed in the feces. objective: vaccination of cattle has significant pot...

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end two-branch feature attention network. The network is mainly used for single image dehazing. consists of two branches, call it CAA-Net: 1) A U-NET composed different-level fusion based on (FEPA) structure and residual dense block (RDB). order to make full use all the hierarchical features image, RDB. RDB contains connected layers local with learning. We al...