BACKGROUND Individuals with osteoporosis are predisposed to hip fracture during trips, stumbles or falls, but half of all hip fractures occur in those without generalised osteoporosis. By analysing ordinary clinical CT scans using a novel cortical thickness mapping technique, we discovered patches of markedly thinner bone at fracture-prone regions in the femurs of women with acute hip fracture ...

Introduction: In 1968, Charnley observed two unusual patterns of remodeling of the proximal femur in response to the femoral component of well-fixed total hip arthroplasties: cortical thinning leading to endosteal widening around the femoral component and hypertrophy of the distal femoral cortex. No previous study has specifically investigated the quantitative remodeling characteristics of the ...

The effects of an active vitamin D analog, eldecalcitol (ELD), on bone mineral density (BMD), bone geometry, and biomechanical properties of the proximal femur were investigated by using clinical CT. The subjects--a subgroup of a recent randomized, double-blind study comparing anti-fracture efficacy of ELD with alfacalcidol (ALF) - constituted 193 ambulatory patients with osteoporosis (189 post...

The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop and validate a realistic FE model of the pelvis using subject-specific bone geometry, location-dependent cortical thickness and trabecular bone elastic modulus, and 2) assess the sensitivity of FE predictions to assumptions in both assumed and measured model inputs. A finite element model of a cadaveric pelvis was created using subject-specific C...

OBJECTIVES The objective was to confirm the finding of "Bone microstructure is similar in osteopenic and osteoporotic patients with femoral neck fracture." obtained in previous "light microscopy study", which was new and important data. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fourteen patients (5 males, 9 females) who were admitted with proximal femoral fracture following low energy trauma (patients who partici...

The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and Garvan Calculator have improved the individual prediction of fracture risk. However, additional bone measurements that might enhance the predictive ability of these tools are the subject of research. There is increasing interest in cortical parameters, especially cortical porosity. Neither FRAX nor Garvan include measurements of cortical architecture...

We investigated several factors which affect the stability of cortical screws in osteoporotic bone using 18 femora from cadavers of women aged between 45 and 96 years (mean 76). We performed bone densitometry to measure the bone mineral density of the cortical and cancellous bone of the shaft and head of the femur, respectively. The thickness and overall bone mass of the cortical layer of the s...

The geometry as well as bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur contributes to fracture risk. How and the extent to which they change due to natural aging is not fully understood. We assessed BMD and geometry in the femoral neck and shaft separately, in 59 normal Japanese postmenopausal women aged 54-84 years, using clinical computed tomography (CT) and commercially available software,...

OBJECTIVE Our goal is to confirm the hypothesis that people who were born and raised on cities at altitude have a smaller proximal femoral canal. METHODS Prospective study with 169 participants, divided into two groups. Group A: 99 patients who were born and raised at altitude and group B: 70 patients who were born and raised at low altitude. All patients underwent panoramic radiographs of th...

OBJECTIVES To compare musculoskeletal characteristics of the loaded and non-loaded forearm and upper leg of competitive ten-pin bowlers. METHODS 10 competitive bowlers (30.6∓6.8 yrs) had their areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and body composition measured with Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone characteristics were assessed at 4% and 66% o...