Direct-detection (DD) optical fiber frequency division multiple access (FDMA) is a simple and practical alternative to optical heterodyne FDMA. Previous works on estimating the performance of DD optical FDMA networks have usually focused only on the (linear) crosstalk degradation, typically relying on simplifying approximations such as the dominance of the adjacent channel interference [1], [4]...

With the aim of reducing human exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives in dentistry, a fluorinated dimethacrylate monomer was synthesized to replace 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloy-loxypropyl)-phenyl]propane (Bis-GMA) as the base monomer of dental resin. After mixing with reactive diluent triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), fluorinated dimethacrylate (FDMA)/TEGDMA was prepared and c...

In the growth of fourth-generation mobile servicing, long` c ns term evolution (LTE) is an emanate technology. In LTE the downlink model build up on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and the uplink arrangement build up on single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA).In this paper we have tendency to derive the achievement of typical elemental differences betwe...

In this paper we study the effect of receiver phase noise on single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). We show that in both SCFDMA and OFDMA, common phase error rotates all the symbols by a certain angle and that the higher order frequency components of phase noise result in inter-carrier interference, or ICI. We then ...

Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) is proposed for uplink transmission of Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) due to its lower Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) compared to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In this paper, a comparison is introduced between its two subcarrier mapping schemes, Localized-FDMA (LFDMA) and Interleaved-FDMA (IFDMA), in ...

The power consumption is an essential issue for designers of mobile devices. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) suffers from its Peak – to – Average Power Ratio (PAPR) problem. The Discrete Fourier Transmission Spread OFDM (DFTS-OFDM) based on Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) has been widely adopted due to its lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of...

For the first time, to best of our knowledge, hybrid triple coding empowered frequency division multiple access (FDMA)-code (CDMA) mode coded optical sensor (CAOS) camera is demonstrated. Compared independent FDMA and CDMA modes, FDMA-CDMA has a novel high-security space-time-frequency signal encoding design for robust, faster, linear irradiance extraction at moderately high dynamic range (HDR)...

It is well known that a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) scheme achieves higher user density in a cellular network with radio frequency signal in a terrestrial environment than either Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) or (Frequency Division Multiple Access) FDMA could. The concept of a cellular (cluster) network has been introduced for underwater acoustic communications. However, its per...

The orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) transmission technique can efficiently deal with the effects of multi-path propagation in the broadband radio channel. It also has a high system inherent flexibility for designing a multiple access scheme by combining the conventional TDMA, FDMA and CDMA approaches with the OFDM modulation scheme. The FDMA multiple access scheme is especially i...

The fourth generation mobile communication has used MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology to improve system performance .MIMO can be used to get better capacity, coverage, high data rates and throughputs. Land mobile satellite (LMS) systems are an important element of the third and fourth generation of wireless systems. In satellite communication system, the use of nonlinear Travelin...