Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of immune dysregulation affecting the joints. While T cells play recognised role in pathogenesis, presence autoantibodies years before clinical onset disease, and efficacy B cell-depleting therapy rituximab, highlight pathogenic for these functionally diverse lymphocytes. A novel subset, termed age-associated (ABCs), are de...

Fc receptor-like (FCRL) 5 regulates B cell Ag receptor signaling and has been reported to bind aggregated IgG. Using surface plasmon resonance, we analyzed the interaction of native IgG samples with FCRL5, revealing a complex binding mechanism, where isotype is just one factor. FCRL5 bound IgG1 and IgG4 with ~1 μM KD, whereas the interaction with IgG3 was a magnitude weaker. However, IgG2 sampl...

The chromosomal translocation t(7; 11)(p15;p15), observed in human myeloid leukemia, results in a NUP98 and HOXA9 gene fusion. We generated a transgenic mouse line that specifically expressed the chimeric NUP98-HOXA9 gene in the myeloid lineage. While only 20% of the transgenic mice progressed to leukemia after a latency period, myeloid progenitor cells from nonleukemic transgenic mice still ex...

Receptors for the Fc domain of IgG (FcR)' are present on the membranes of cells of the myeloid and monocytic lineages (1) as well as on other unrelated cell types (2-4). Myelomonocytic cells interact with IgG antibody-sensitized cells or pathogenic organisms through their FcR: this interaction results in the activation of cellular defense mechanisms, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cyt...

Nine years of growth r~iicl stand developmcr~t were i~ivest~gatctl iri r\ 2 2 nutrient and water factorral experiment with four replications. The study was located on an rnfert~le, excessively dra~necl sandy site In Scotlancl County, North C:arolina, U.S.A. The hypothesis tested was that increased growth foll'o\vrng ~nrgation and fertilization would increase the ratc at which sizc hierarchies t...