due to the high price of virgin vegetable oils and the drawbacks of the homogeneous catalytic transesterification, in this work an economically profitable alternative process was proposed for biodiesel synthesis in which transesterification of the low-cost waste cooking oil (wco) with methanol in a heterogeneous system was done. alumina impregnated with sodium hydroxide was utilized as a solid ...

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) or biodiesel is a biofuel conventionally produced from edible oil and methanol, using an alkaline catalyst, through a transesterification reaction. As FAME is mostly produced from edible vegetable oils, crop soils are used for its production, increasing deforestation and producing a fuel more expensive than diesel. In addition, between 70 and 80% of the total FAME...

Due to the high price of virgin vegetable oils and the drawbacks of the homogeneous catalytic transesterification, in this work an economically profitable alternative process was proposed for biodiesel synthesis in which transesterification of the low-cost waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol in a heterogeneous system was done. Alumina impregnated with sodium hydroxide was utilized as a solid ...

We determined the accuracy and reproducibility of whole-community fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis with two model bacterial communities differing in composition by using the Microbial ID, Inc. (MIDI), system. The biomass, taxonomic structure, and expected MIDI-FAME profiles under a variety of environmental conditions were known for these model communities a priori. Not all members of eac...

Two cold-tolerant microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp., were grown at 22 5 °C. At the lower temperature, microalgae showed substantial biochemical morphological changes. The soluble sugar profile in response to low-temperature cultivation was very different two strains. C. increased both sucrose raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) content °C while sp. drastically reduced cont...

Restriction endonuclease digestion of linear borrelial chromosomal DNA showed that three isolates of UK Lyme disease spirochaetes differed markedly from each other and from published data for other isolates from North America and continental Europe. Analysis of linear plasmid bands revealed that UK isolates differed from each other in the number and sizes of the plasmids in isolates from differ...

Due to the high price of virgin vegetable oils and the drawbacks of the homogeneous catalytic transesterification, in this work an economically profitable alternative process was proposed for biodiesel synthesis in which transesterification of the low-cost waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol in a heterogeneous system was done. Alumina impregnated with sodium hydroxide was utilized as a solid ...

Biodiesel in Indonesia is a mixture of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) and diesel oil. Mixing FAME oil challenging since separated from at low temperatures. Changes the physico-chemical properties biodiesel during storage decrease quality due to dissolved oxygen, potentially damaging engine. Using glycerol ester (GE) as an additive can be alternative solution tackle that problem. This research e...

In the present study, Choline hydroxide (ChOH) as an ionic liquid catalyst was used for transesterification of soybean oil into biodiesel in a microchannel reactor. The effects of three variables i.e. reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and total flow rate on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content (wt. %) were optimized using Box–Behnken experimental design. In order to predict the FAME conte...