Fang Gong1*, Lingtao Ding2, Donglin Jiang3, Chun Zhang3, Weihong Shen1, and Yuhong Pan1 Department of Laboratory medicine, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi 214041, China Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi 214041, China Burn Center, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi 214041, China *Corres...

The Chinese drug fang-chi probably includes several species of menispermaceous plants. One variety that is commonly sold in Chinese drug stores is known as han-fang-chi apparently because it was originally cultivated in Han Chung (1). There is considerable uncertainty concerning the botanical identification of han-fang-chi. Hoffmann and Schultes (2) gave it the name CoccuZus juponicus, while “B...

1 Analysis of DNA Chains by Means of Factorial Moments Huijie Yang Fangcui Zhao Physics Institute, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China Yizhong Zhuo Xizhen Wu China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, P.O.X 275(18), China Abstract By means of the concept of factorial moments we examine DNA sequences from yeast to distinguish coding and non-coding regions. It is found th...

In 1997, Fang proposed the concept of boundedness of $L$-fuzzy setsin $L$-topological vector spaces. Since then, this concept has beenwidely accepted and adopted in the literature. In this paper,several characterizations of bounded $L$-fuzzy sets in$L$-topological vector spaces are obtained and some properties ofbounded $L$-fuzzy sets are investigated.

Elapids, viperids, and some other groups of colubroid snakes have tubular fangs for the conduction of venom into their prey. The literature describing the development of venom-conducting fangs provides two contradictory accounts of fang development. Some studies claim that the venom canal forms by the infolding of a deep groove along the surface of the tooth to produce an enclosed canal. In oth...

We identify the presence of multiple vascular channels within the spider fang. These channels seem to serve the transport of zinc to the tip of the fang to cross-link the protein matrix by binding to histidine residues. According to amino acid and elemental analysis of fangs extracted shortly after ecdysis, His-rich proteins are deposited before Zn is incorporated into the cuticle. Microscopic ...

Venomous snakes-the pinnacle of snake evolution-are characterized by their possession of venom-conducting fangs ranging from grooved phenotypes characterizing multiple lineages of rear-fanged taxa to tubular phenotypes present in elapids, viperids and atractaspidines. Despite extensive research, controversy still exists on the selective pressures involved in fang phenotype diversification. Here...