pantheism (unity of entity) and unity of intuition are famous concepts in mysticism which have been discussed variously and philosophers and mystics have been presented various opinions and definitions about them. some of them believe pantheism is a spiritual authority which is superior from unity of intuition, and some are opposite to this belief and others believe these two concepts are the s...

Imam Fakhr al-Din al-Razi or was among the commentators who frequently used word lataif in his tafsir while interpreting verses of Quran. At same time, he alsolink with various fields knowledge. This term is often and clearly repeated a number times interpretation as if carries specific meaning concept. article aims to explain how background influenced ability adopting aspects term. study also ...

for the first time in the history of logic, abd al razzaq al-jili (d. 570/1174), in the treatise al-lame fi al-shakl al-rabe, dealt with the modal syllogisms of the fourth figure. previous to him, dinha, the priest, and ibn salah al-hamadani had discussed the non-modal moods of the fourth figure. jili’s treatise deals only with simple modalities and ignores the complex ones. his pupil, fakhr al...

This article examines the psychological doctrines of Ashʿarite theologian and polymath Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210). The starting point discussion is his critical reception Avicenna’s ca. 428/1037) theories. I focus on al-Rāzī’s early works philosophy, in particular <em>al-Mab</em><em>āḥith al-mashriqiyya</em> famous commentary <em>al-Ish</em><em>...