Adaptations of Abies nordmanniana, Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris, Fagus and Carpinus betulus to the abiotic environmental conditions study area largely determined their predicted distribution in Caucasus. The ecological niches species mostly coincided two analyzed complex factors (characteristics water regime topographic parameters). humidity factor was main determining potential forest-fo...

composition and structure of a three-storied fagus orientalis-dominated forest was investigated in the caspian forests, north of iran. circular sampling plots of 1000 m2 occupied by advance growth and natural regeneration were randomly chosen where the initial cuttings (with shelterwood aim) were performed. abundance of species at different growth stages and quality of seedlings and saplings we...

resource sustainability requires a thorough understanding of the influence of forest management programs on the conservation of genetic diversity in tree populations. to observe how differences in forest management affect the genetic structure of fagus orientalis lipsky (oriental beech), we evaluated thirteen beech sites across hyrcanian forests, based on six microsatellite loci. significant di...

Understanding how natural ecosystems are and will be responding to climate change is one of the primary goals ecological research. Plant phenology accepted as most sensitive bioindicators due its strong interactions with dynamics, a vast number studies from all around world present evidence considering phenological shifts response climatic changes. Land surface (LSP) also valuable tool in absen...

A classification system of the Colchic spruce-fir forests (the Western Caucasus) was developed using Brawn-Blanquet method. Two new associations Dryopterido caucasicae–Abietetum nordmannianae ass. nov., Pruno laucerasi–Abietetum nov. and alliance caucasicae–Abietion all. were proposed after comparative syntaxonomic analysis dark coniferous from Euxine province. Diagnostic species are Acer pseud...