Birth weight in triplets is, on average, lower than in singletons and twins, and more children are classified as having very low or extremely low birth weight. Still, there is limited research on factors that affect triplet birth weight, and samples under study are often small. Chorionicity and zygosity influence triplet birth weight, but it is unknown whether the effect of zygosity can be enti...

Forty-five children born extremely preterm and/or with extremely low birth weight (ELBW), who were of average intelligence, were assessed at age 7-9 on a raft of measures of executive function (EF) designed to assess inhibition, set shifting, planning, fluency, and working memory. Relative to 45 full-term controls, the preterm/ELBW children showed reliable impairments of inhibition, fluency, an...

OBJECTIVE To examine factors affecting center differences in mortality for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. METHODS We analyzed data for 5418 ELBW infants born at 16 Neonatal Research Network centers during 2006-2009. The primary outcomes of early mortality (≤12 hours after birth) and in-hospital mortality were assessed by using multilevel hierarchical models. Models were developed ...

We report a case of an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant presenting with pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) in which we have given surfactant after an acute episode of bleeding with severe intractable hypoxemia. Surfactant replacement therapy showed improvement in Mean Airway Pressure (MAP) and oxygenation indices. Our case suggests that surfactant replacement therapy is useful in PH.

PURPOSE One of the major causes of bowel obstruction in extremely premature infants is a meconium obstruction. However, there are many challenges not only in the recognition and diagnosis, but also in the management of meconium obstruction. This study aimed to find perioperative clinical features and determine the postoperative course of meconium-related ileus in very low birth weight (VLBW) an...

A ntenatal corticosteroids, postnatal surfactant treatment, and new strategies for respiratory care have modified the clinical presentation, lung outcome, and survival of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. These changes over the last 10-20 years have resulted in a large population of ELBW survivors that have clinical courses that are quite different from those observed before the genera...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Extremely preterm infants and infants born to adolescent mothers are at risk for adverse developmental. The objectives were to evaluate development and behavior outcomes of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants born to adolescent mothers <20 compared with adult mothers ≥20 years and to identify socioeconomic risk factors that affect outcomes. METHODS Retrospectiv...

OBJECTIVE Erythropoietin has been reported to possess neuroprotective properties in animal studies. No previous studies have investigated the neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rEpo) and evaluated it at school age. METHODS Of 200 ELBW infants treated from 1993 to 1998, 171 (86%) survived, and 148 (87%) were fo...

Newborns, and especially premature newborns, are at significant risk for developing hypotension in the first week or two after birth. The etiology of hypotension in the newborn may vary, but the very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight preterm infants are less likely to respond to conventional cardiovascular support when they develop hypotension. This article reviews the least conve...

AIM Patent Ductus Arteriosus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterms. As birth weight decrease, risks increase. Main aim of our study is to emphasize the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous PDA closure even in extremely low birth infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our center between the dates June 2014-June 2016, PDA of 10 patients less than 1,000 gr were closed percu...