background: delivering the maximum dose to tumor while achieving the minimum dose delivery to normal tissue; is the most important goal in external radiotherapy. diode in vivo dosimetry is widely considered to be an important tool for quality improvement of patient care in external radiotherapy. uncertainty in dose delivery should fall within 5% of the prescribed dose as recommended by internat...

external root resorption may be an uncontrolled phenomenon, and the most known interventions have no effect. even progressive external root resorption may not be controlled by long term ca(oh)2 therapy. currently, there are no treatment options for vital tooth that suffer from root resorption. this invasive resorption can lead to extraction of the tooth. the use of new technologies such as low ...

background: radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of most malignant and many benign primary central nervous system (cns) tumors. radiotherapy affects both tumor cells and uninvolved normal cells; so, it is important to estimate absorbed dose to organs at risk in this kind of treatment. the aim of this study was to determine the absorbed dose to chiasma, lens, optic nerve, retin...

In statistics it is often assumed that sample observations are independent. But sometimes in practice, observations are somehow dependent on each other. Spatiotemporal data are dependent data which their correlation is due to their spatiotemporal locations.Spatiotemporal models arise whenever data are collected across bothtime and space. Therefore such models have to be analyzed in termsof thei...

two case reports of malignant external otitis in the elderly diabetics and their complications and management with regard to our experience at amir alam hospital, department of ent will be discussed here.

it is widely agreed that small scale enterprises (sses) used to play a crucial role in achieving the industrial and economic development. though sses play indispensable economic role, studies are limited to analyze the external factors that affect the growth of sses independently. therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine the effect of external firm factors influencing small scale ma...

background abnormalities of external genitalia in male children nurseries and inguinal hernia are the most common congenital disorders in children. we aimed to determine prevalence rate of inguinal hernia and other genital among children nurseries, in shahrood-iran. materials and methods in this descriptive cross-sectional study, we examined 920 children nurseries boys. physical examination of ...