Methods From April 2012 to date, we performed 42 completely thoracoscopic lobectomies (non rib-spreading) with anterior approach to the pulmonary hilum. Clinical stages I were included and T3 or T4 tumors, central tumors, cN1-N2, previous ipsilateral thoracotomy were excluded. Whenever possible, we have obtained a preoperative diagnosis with CT-guided needle biopsy (n = 35, 83%); otherwise lobe...

Improvisation is being appreciated by the management literature because of its key role in a variety of contingencies: emergencies, markets and work organizations. Improvisation is described as a form of extemporaneous, situated action. In the literature, the study of these two phenomena has been mainly cognitive. This exposes it to the critique according to which the situated action paradigm w...

Automated compounding devices are frequently used by pharmacists for the extemporaneous preparation of parenteral nutrition admixtures. This continuing shift from manual compounding procedures comes as a result of significant advances in automated technology, as well as in response to changing health care demands to provide admixture compounding in a safer, more efficient, and more accurate man...

background: over 90% of pharmacy students’ work in pharmacies after graduation which needs both knowledge and skill, thus one of the most essential courses of their education is pharmacy clerkship. an important part of an educational program is the evaluation of the trainees. different studies show that conventional written exams are not successful in evaluating the skills of the students and c...

PURPOSE The efficacy, safety, and cost issues that should be considered when deciding on the appropriate route of acetylcysteine for the treatment of patients with acetaminophen poisoning are reviewed. SUMMARY Oral and i.v. acetylcysteine appear to be equally effective when given within 8-10 hours of acetaminophen overdose. Anaphylactoid reactions to i.v. acetylcysteine have generally been re...

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality an extemporaneous formulation losartan potassium oral suspensions from crushed tablets ensure that compounded suspension maintained its attributes during storage period.
 Methodology: Losartan were extemporaneously in same way they are prepared for patients at a hospital pharmacy. kept refrigerator 4°C and evaluated immediately af...

Objective: Three furosemide aqueous suspensions for paediatric oral usage (2 mg/ml) were investigated to determinate its physicochemical stability under different storage conditions. Method: Formulations using sugar syrup and sugar-free vehicles were stored at 4 and 25 o C and the furosemide content was determined by spectrophotometer. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate at different time po...