نتایج جستجو برای: expenditure
تعداد نتایج: 26828 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine expenditure distribution and inequality changes in Tehran. It separately explored expenditures distribution for health, education, and food in rural and urban areas from 1989 till 2006. Method: Using Household Expenditure Survey conducted by Statistical Center of Iran, expenditure distribution and inequality changes for urban and rur...
This paper investigates the optimal fiscal policy, pertaining to government spending, considering different productivity of public services in production function and its impact on the optimal tax rate, the optimal rate of government spending, and optimal economic growth rate. Using the VECM model for Iranian economy over 48 years, results show while the current expenditure has a positive and s...
Introduction: Measurement of financial support for health services is determined by household out of pocket expenditure for health which is associated with two approaches: catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditure in Tehran urban population. Method: This cross-sectional study was con...
this study will provide detailed specification of those variables and determinants of unpredictable health expenditure in iran, and the requirements to reduce extensive effects of the factors affecting households' payments for health and other goods and services inappropriately.this study aims to identify measures of fair financing of health services and determinants of fair financing contribut...
in this study, the impact of internal r&d; expenditure, technology imports and interaction effects between human capital and technology imports on value added of iranian large industries are investigated over the period of 1994-2008. for this purpose, an endogenous growth model is used in which production is a function of labor, capital stock, human capital, internal r&d; expenditure, technolog...
Abstract: Parenteral Nutrition Formulae in Iranian Generic Project were studied in 31 patients hospitalized in ten major general hospitals in Tehran and Shiraz. Estimated theoretical energy (Calculated Energy Value or CEE) using Harris- Benedict equations and applying the Cerra stress factor was compared with the amount of energy estimated via indirect calorimetric technique (Measured Energy ...
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