The nature of the mitogenic activity of pyrogenic streptococcal exotoxin B, also known as streptococcal cysteine protease, has been debated in the literature. Streptococcal exotoxin B has been shown to cleave interleukin-1beta precursor and create biologically active interleukin-1beta, a major cytokine mediating inflammation and shock. This activity could mimic the mitogenicity and cytokine rel...

beta-Exotoxin I is a nonspecific insecticidal metabolite secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis strains. Several studies of B. thuringiensis strains that have lost the capacity to produce beta-exotoxin I have suggested that there is a strong correlation between high levels of beta-exotoxin I production and the ability to synthesize crystal proteins. In this study, we showed that a mutant strai...

-Exotoxin I is a nonspecific insecticidal metabolite secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis strains. Several studies of B. thuringiensis strains that have lost the capacity to produce -exotoxin I have suggested that there is a strong correlation between high levels of -exotoxin I production and the ability to synthesize crystal proteins. In this study, we showed that a mutant strain, B. thurin...

The effects of the exotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis on DNA-dependent RNA polymerases from rat liver were examined. The exotoxin inhibits all RNA polymerase activity at both low and high ionic strength in intact nuclei, and soluble enzymes are similarly affected. This inhibition is relieved by ATP. Dephosphorylated exotoxin did not inhibit the soluble enzymes. Nucleolar and nucleoplasmic RNA...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A was injected into rabbit corneas. Death of epithelial, endothelial, and stromal cells resulted, and necrosis of the cornea followed. Control eyes with exotoxin neutralized by specific antitoxin showed minimal damage. A dose-response pattern was evident. Antitoxin neutralization of pseudomonas exotoxin A in corneal ulcers may have possible therapeutic implications.

CONTEXT Botulinum A exotoxin is used for various indications, including the treatment of dynamic forehead lines. OBJECTIVE To determine whether injection with botulinum A exotoxin reconstituted with preservative-containing normal saline (isotonic sodium chloride) is less painful than injection with exotoxin that has been reconstituted with preservative-free saline. DESIGN Two arms: (1) retr...

Pseudomonas exotoxin A, an ADP-ribosylating toxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of murine thymocytes, which requires the participation of accessory cells. This requirement for accessory cells can be replaced by supernatant from adherent peritoneal exudate cells that have been stimulated with exotoxin A. Antibody to exotoxin A inhibits the indu...