Upon insertion, transposable elements can disrupt or alter gene function in various ways. Transposons moving through a cut-and-paste mechanism are in addition often mutagenic when excising because repair of the empty site seldom restores the original sequence. The characterization of numerous excision events in many eukaryotes indicates that transposon excision from a given site can generate a ...

This paper reports reconstitution of 5'-nick-directed mismatch repair using purified human proteins. The reconstituted system includes MutSalpha or MutSbeta, MutLalpha, RPA, EXO1, HMGB1, PCNA, RFC, polymerase delta, and ligase I. In this system, MutSbeta plays a limited role in repair of base-base mismatches, but it processes insertion/deletion mispairs much more efficiently than MutSalpha, whi...

introduction lunate fracture is a rare injury. most reports are associated with other wrist injuries such as perilunate dislocation and distal radius fracture. isolated lunate fracture has been reported even more rarely. the choice of treatment and outcomes are consequently undetermined. case presentation in this case report we will describe a lunate avulsion fracture as an isolated injury afte...

introduction: nodular fasciitis is described as a benign reactive proliferation of myofibroblasts. due to its rapid-growing nature, a precise clinical diagnosis is difficult and the condition is frequently misdiagnosed as malignant lesions.   case report: in this study, we present the case of a young woman with an auricular nodular fasciitis as an example of one of the rarest sites of this tumo...

squamous cell carcinoma (scc) is the second most common type of skin cancer with potential risks for metastasis and recurrence if left untreated or incompletely excised. this case series study was designed to determine the frequency of incompletely excised sccs and the related risk factors. a total of 273 sccs (253 patients) excised in razi dermatology hospital of tehran from 2006-2008, were ev...

dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (dfsp) is very rare tumor of dermis layer of skin with the incidence of only 1 case per million per year. dfsp rarely leads to a metastasis (less than 5% have metastasis), but dfsp can recur locally. we publish a rare case of a recurrent dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and its management with radical excision and interval skin grafting.

Nucleotide excision repair is part of a cellular defense system that protects genome integrity.Here, this versatile repair system was challenged with mixtures of DNA adducts that were generated to mimic the wide spectrum of bulky lesions produced by complex genotoxic insults. Probing human excision activity with substrate combinations instead of single lesions resulted in a strong bias for part...

UNLABELLED Resistance to methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics in staphylococci is due to mecA, which is carried on a genomic island, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). The chromosomal excision and integration of SCCmec are mediated by the site-specific recombinase CcrAB or CcrC, encoded within this element. A plasmid-borne system was constructed to assess the activities of C...