Examination of a time–temperature–transformation (TTT) diagram for an eutectoid carbon steel (Fig. 1), bearing in mind the fact that the pearlite reaction is essentially a high temperature one occurring between 550C and 720C and that the formation of the martensite is a low-temperature reaction, reveals that there is a wide range of temperature ∼250–550C within which neither of these phases for...

The subsystem Nurse’s A-phase-silicocarnotite within the system Ca3(PO4)2–Ca2SiO4 was conducted as a preliminary step toward obtaining new biomaterials with controlled microstructures. Phase composition of the resulting ceramics was studied by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy with attached wavelength dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed t...

Assessing the local residual stress and orientation with nanometer resolution within embedded steel grains has remained challenging. Here we use an advanced synchrotron technique, dark field X-ray microscopy to map 3D lattice variations, including both crystallographic strain, two pro-eutectoid ferrite in pearlitic steel. We found variation up 0.5° compressive elastic strain 1.8 × 10?3 are pres...