R-spondins (RSPOs) and their receptor leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) play pleiotropic roles in normal and cancer development as well as the survival of adult stem cells through potentiation of Wnt signaling. Current evidence indicates that RSPO-LGR4 functions to elevate levels of Wnt receptors through direct inhibition of two membrane-bound E3 ligases (RNF43 ...

In human, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a significant role in cell growth, cell development, and disease pathogenesis. Four human (Rspo)s are known to activate canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Presently, (Rspo)s serve as therapeutic target for several human diseases. Henceforth, basic understanding about the molecular properties of (Rspo)s is essential. We approached this issu...

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection destroying tooth-supporting tissues. Like metronidazole, tinidazole (TNZ) also effective in treating periodontitis. The preparation of polymeric nanoparticles containing TNZ helps to improve the solubility and increase bioavailability drug. Objectives: This study aimed formulate optimize evaluate their physicochemical properties. Materi...

Many major corporations and countries have made commitments to purchase or produce only "sustainable" palm oil, a commodity responsible for substantial tropical forest loss. Sustainability certification is the tool most used to fulfill these procurement policies, and around 20% of global palm oil production was certified by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) in 2017. However, the eff...

The four R-spondin (Rspo) proteins are secreted agonists of Wnt signalling in vertebrates, functioning in embryogenesis and adult stem cell biology. Through ubiquitination and degradation of Wnt receptors, the transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF3 and related RNF43 antagonize Wnt signalling. Rspo ligands have been reported to inhibit the ligase activity through direct interaction with ZNRF3 a...

Abstract: Terbinafine HCl is an allylamine used to treat fungal infections. It has substantial side effects that can be mitigated by using a topical semisolid dose form. The objective of this study was develop 1% film-forming spray formulation developed combining polymers, penetration enhancer, plasticizer, and suitable solvent system. central composite design with 3 independent variables 2 dep...

Purpose: To develop and optimise sustained release (SR) matrix tablets of diltiazem hydrochloride (DHL). Methods: DHL tablets were prepared by direct compression and consisted of hydroxyprpoylmethyl cellulose, Kollidon SR and Eudragit RSPO. A 3 full factorial design was applied to study the effect of polymers used on drug release from the DHL. The tablets were also evaluated for physicochemical...

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive bone and soft tissue tumor of putative stem cell origin that predominantly occurs in children and young adults. Although most patients with localized ES can be cured with intensive therapy, the clinical course is variable and up to one third of patients relapse following initial remission. Unfortunately, little is yet known about the biologic features that di...

The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) is a non-profit association promoting sustainable palm oil through a voluntary certification scheme. Two successive science-based working groups on greenhouse gas (GHG) have been active in RSPO between 2009-2011, with the aim of identifying ways leading to meaningful and verifiable reduction of GHG emissions. One of the outputs is PalmGHG, a GHG cal...

Objective: The objective of the present study was to compare release effect Luliconazole from different polymeric (Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic) microsponges prepared using varying concentrations. best microsponge selected incorporated into gel (Natural synthetic) drug is determined compared with marketed formulation.
 Methods: Polymers such as EC, HPMC, Eudragit RSPO PVA emulsifier, solven...