Ethylene is a gaseous plant growth regulator that controls a multitude of developmental and stress responses. Recently, the levels of Arabidopsis EIN3 protein, a key transcription factor mediating ethylene-regulated gene expression, have been demonstrated to increase in response to the presence of ethylene gas. Furthermore, in the absence of ethylene, EIN3 is quickly degraded through a ubiquiti...

A novel process design for a more cost-effective, greener process for making chemicals from shale gas and bioethanol is presented. The oxidative coupling of methane and cocracking technologies are considered for converting methane and light natural gas liquids, into value-added chemicals. Overall, the process includes four process areas: gas treatment, gas to chemicals, methane-to-ethylene, and...

Ethylene is an important component of the gaseous environment, and regulates numerous plant developmental processes including seed germination and seedling establishment. Dormancy, the inability to germinate in apparently favorable conditions, has been demonstrated to be regulated by the hormonal balance between abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs). Ethylene plays a key role in dormancy r...

Flooding is detrimental for plants, primarily because of restricted gas exchange underwater, which leads to an energy and carbohydrate deficit. Impeded gas exchange also causes rapid accumulation of the volatile ethylene in all flooded plant cells. Although several internal changes in the plant can signal the flooded status, it is the pervasive and rapid accumulation of ethylene that makes it a...

The slow gas diffusion rate in flooded soil not only causes oxygen deficiency, but also favours the accumulation of ethylene in root systems to concentrations that may strongly affect root elongation. Previously published experiments showed that root elongation in rice is much less strongly inhibited by ethylene than in some other species less well adapted to wet conditions. Rice roots have als...

The reaction pathway of vinyl acetate synthesis is scrutinized by reacting gas-phase ethylene (at an effective pressure of 1 x 10-4 Torr) with eta2-acetate species (with a coverage of 0.31 +/- 0.02 monolayer) on a Pd(111)-O(2x2) model catalyst surface in ultrahigh vacuum. It is found that the 1414 cm-1 infrared feature due to the symmetric OCO stretching mode of the acetate species decreases in...

What is it? Ethylene, or ethene in chemistry circles, is a colorless, flammable gas composed of two carbon atoms joined by a double bond. The chemical formula is C 2 H 4. Discovery as a biological agent… … In the late 19th Century, Dimitry Nikolayevich Neljubov, a young researcher at the Botanical Institute of St Petersburg, identified ethylene as the minor component of illuminating gas that ca...

Summii1stary. Low concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid inhibit the growth of pea root sections by indticing the formation of the growth regtilator, ethylene gas. Ethylene is produced within 15 to 30 minutes after inidole-3-acetic acid is applied and roots begin to swell immediately after they are exposed to the gas. Carbon dioxide competitively inhibits ethylene action in roots, impedles thei...

Germination of Potentilla norvegica L. (rough cinquefoil) seeds stimulated by fluorescent irradiations of nearly 24 hours was inhibited by ethylene at <1 microliter per liter. Sensitivity to ethylene inhibition was highest during and immediately after the irradiation. By delaying ethylene treatment until about a day after the light potentiation, seeds escaped the inhibition. Ethylene inhibition...

Elevated levels of ethylene occur in controlled environment agriculture and in spaceflight environments, leading to adverse plant growth and sterility. The objectives of this research were to characterize the influence of ethylene on carbon dioxide (CO(2)) assimilation (C(A)), dark period respiration (DPR) and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Buttercrunch) under ambient and low total pr...