Fishing constitutes one of the most significant threats to marine biodiversity and ecosystem function, documented by a growing body of information on the numerous impacts to populations, community structure, and habitats (Dayton et al., 1995; Roberts, 1995; Jennings and Polunin, 1996). Besides the more obvious effects on species population structure, fishing activities may also reduce the struc...

pollutions. recently, both persian gulf and gulf of oman are experiencing several types of pollution including oil spills and heavy metal pollutions as well as harmful algal bloom (hab) caused by biological and environmental changes. theiroccurrence of the red tide or harmful algal bloom during fall and winter 2008-2009 caused numerous unknown factors in the strait of hormuz, persian gulf and g...

Macroalgal blooms of Hypnea musciformis and Ulva fasciata in coastal waters of Maui only occur in areas of substantial anthropogenic nutrient input, sources of which include wastewater effluent via injection wells, leaking cesspools and agricultural fertilizers. Algal dN signatures were used to map anthropogenic nitrogen through coastal surveys (island-wide and fine-scale) and algal deployments...

The coastal marine environment of Japan is characterized by its high biological productivity, which contributes to generally high fishery yields. However, both the productivity of coastal ecosystems and coastal fisheries are being threatened by substantial changes in the coastal marine environment. This situation is making it increasingly imperative to take an ecosystems approach to management ...

Oceans represent more than 95% of the world’s biosphere and are among the richest sources of biodiversity on Earth. However, human activities such as shipping and construction of marine infrastructure pose a threat to the quality of marine ecosystems. Due to the dependence of most marine animals on sound for their communication, foraging, protection, and ultimately their survival, the effects o...

W. C. SONZOGNI 1" Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2300 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 A. ROBERTSON Office of Marine Pollution Assessment National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Rockville, Maryland 20852 A. M. BEETON Great Lakes and Marine Waters Center University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 ABSTRACT / Al...

Marine fish is one of the most important sources of animal protein for human use, especially in developing countries with coastlines. Marine fishery is also an important industry in many countries. Fifty years ago, many people believed that the ocean was so vast and so resilient that there was no way the marine environment could be changed, nor could marine fishery resources be depleted. Half a...

Chemical pollutants include such things as petrochemicals, dissolved metals, fertilizers and organic pesticides. Chemical pollutants are most concentrated adjacent to heavily populated areas, industry, intensive agriculture and military activities. Consequently, the adverse impacts of marine pollution are most apparent in the nearshore environment (state and territorial waters) (Green 1997). Th...

Two mathematical methods to assess the "health status" of flounder (Platichthys flesus), eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) and blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) populations of the Baltic Sea were applied on selected biomarker data collected during the EU project "BEEP" (Biological Effects of Environmental Pollution on Marine Coastal Ecosystems). The Bioeffect Assessment Index (BAI) and the Integrated Biomar...