BACKGROUND Mammographic density is one of the strongest predictors of breast cancer risk. The mechanism by which breast density increases breast cancer risk is unclear although it has been hypothesized that breast density reflects cumulative exposure to estrogens. METHODS To evaluate this hypothesis, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 520 postmenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Stu...

Abstract Numerical models of variable‐density groundwater flow and salt transport are a primary tool for predicting salinity distributions in coastal aquifers estimating submarine discharge (SGD). Models particularly useful to estimate the saline component SGD, which can occur far offshore is difficult measure directly. Depending on system application, level geologic detail represented range fr...

circulating tumor cells (ctcs) recognition and characterization in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer have proven practical and predictive value in different studies. however, the clinical significance of ctcs enumeration and molecular characterization in thepersonalization of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment remains under the debate. a literature search in pubmed, web of ...

Abnormalities of intestinal calcium absorption and the vitamin D axis in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) are controversial. The present report documents a reduction in circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in the 12-14-wk-old male SHR with evidence of its functional significance. Both plasma 1,25(OH)2D3 and mucosa-to-serosa duodenal calcium flux (Jm-s), measured by the Uss...

In contrast to the general operational amplifier (op amp) noise model widely used, we propose a more complete and applicable noise model, which considers the correlation between equivalent input voltage noise source and current noise source . Based on the super-position theorem and equivalent circuit noise theory, our formulae for the equivalent input noise spectrum density of an op amp noise a...

Mammographic density is one of the strongest predictors of breast cancer risk. Recently, it has been suggested that reactive oxygen species may influence breast cancer risk through its influence on mammographic density. In the current study, we addressed this hypothesis and also assessed if the association between carotenoids and breast cancer risk varies by mammographic density. We conducted a...