Four groups of equids, "Anchitheriinae," Merychippine-grade Equinae, Hipparionini, and Equini, coexisted in the middle Miocene, but only the Equini remains after 16 Myr of evolution and extinction. Each group is distinct in its occlusal enamel pattern. These patterns have been compared qualitatively but rarely quantitatively. The processes influencing the evolution of these occlusal patterns ha...

OBJECTIVE Spondyloarthropathy has clearly been documented as not limited in occurrence to humans. Transmammalian in nature, it is of interest to understand the antiquity, and perhaps the origins, of this disorder in animal groups sufficiently represented in the skeletal record. METHODS Fossil and recent skeletons of perissodactylae from North America were systematically examined to determine ...

A new Early Eocene tapiromorph, Meridiolophus expansus gen. et sp. nov., from the Sanshui Basin, Guangdong Province, China, is described and discussed. It is the first reported Eocene mammal from the basin. The new taxon, represented by a left fragmentary mandible, is characterized by an expanded anterior symphyseal region, a long diastema between c1 and p1, a rather short diastema between p1 a...

WorldFengur is the database that contains and functions as the studbook of origin of the Icelandic horse. Only pure-bred Icelandic horses, whose ancestry can be traced back to Iceland entirely, may be registered into WorldFengur. The WorldFengur project is a joint effort by the FAIC (Farmers Association of Iceland) and FEIF (International Federation of Icelandic Horse Associations) to construct...

Much discussion has taken place recently regarding equine periodontal disease and other diseases of the equine oral cavity. However, there exists one type of tooth in Equidae that enjoys little discussion while at the same time is regularly encountered in practice. There is much to know regarding this tooth and some of this information can be found in contemporary published literature such as B...

Donkeys belong to the Equidae family and as such are similar to equines in many ways. However, there are a number of significant features peculiar to the donkey that practitioners should be aware of when attempting to investigate and treat respiratory disease. These include differences in anatomy, physiology, pharmacokinetics, disease incidence and morbidity with certain infectious diseases. Th...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of STEC and EPEC strains and E. coli O157 serogroup in some Equidae and Canidae. The fecal samples of 79 animals from 6 different species were evaluated for presence of these strains. All the Isolates were tested for virulence genes using multiplex-PCR. Non-sorbitol fermenting (NSF) Escherichia coli isolates and positive strains for virule...

RÉSUMÉ (MuriLiscript recrivrd 12 July 2002, nccrptrd 14 Novemhrr 2002) Following a request from the Permanent Secretary of the French Commission for Artificial Radiodement3 (CIREA) engaged to investigate a request for a licence related to a new scintigraphy unit dedicated to equidae, a dosimetric assessment concerning the personnel attending the examination was carried out. This scintigraphy un...

The ,8-chain of rhinoceros hemoglobin contains glutamic acid at position ,82, an important site for the binding of organic phosphates. We have investigated the oxygen binding properties of this hemoglobin and its interaction with ATP, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, CO 2 and chloride. The results show that the presence of GLU at position ,82 nearly abolishes the effect of organic phosphates and CO2, wh...