Let $\mathcal {X}= \{x_{1},x_{2},\ldots, x_{q}\}$ and let notation="LaTeX">$n(m,q,\ell)$ be the smallest notation="LaTeX">$n$ for which there is a code notation="LaTeX">$C \subseteq \mathcal {X} ^{n}$ of notation="LaTeX">$m$ elements ...

The enzootic or endemic strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus (ID, IE, IF, and II-VI) are considered avirulent. In 1993 and 1996, outbreaks of encephalitis occurred in the horse populations in the Chiapas and Oaxaca provinces of Mexico, respectively. In both instances, enzootic VEE virus subserotype IE was isolated from brain tissues of dead horses. The present study invest...

We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 533 patients presenting to two hospitals in the Ecuadorean Amazon basin with acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) from 2001 through 2004. Viral isolation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), IgM seroconversion, and malaria smears identified pathogens responsible for fever in 122 (40.1%) of 304 patients who provide...

We used previously characterized murine monoclonal antibodies to develop a panel useful in subtyping Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) viruses by an indirect fluorescent antibody assay. This panel worked well with either prototype VEE viruses or a series of more recent VEE virus isolates. The panel is particularly useful for rapidly differentiating VEE viruses with epidemic-epizootic potenti...

In this paper, we shall show that the following translation \(I^M\) from propositional fragment \(\bf L_1\) of Leśniewski's ontology to modal logic KTB\) is sound: for any formula \(\phi\) and \(\psi\) L_1\), it defined as (M1) \(I^M(\phi \vee \psi) = I^M(\phi) I^M(\psi)\), (M2) \(I^M(\neg \phi) \neg I^M(\phi)\), (M3) \(I^M(\epsilon ab) \Diamond p_a \supset . \wedge \Box p_b .\wedge p_a\), wher...

Let $\epsilon > 0$ be sufficiently small and let $0 < \eta 1/522$. We show that if $X$ is large enough in terms of $\epsilon$ then for any squarefree integer $q \leq X^{196/261-\epsilon}$ $X^{\eta}$-smooth one can obtain an asymptotic formula with power-saving error term the number integers arithmetic progression $a \pmod{q}$, $(a,q) = 1$. In case squarefree, smooth moduli this improves upon pr...

We develop a stochastic approximation-type algorithm to solve finite state/action, infinite-horizon, risk-aware Markov decision processes. Our has two loops. The inner loop computes the risk by solving saddle-point problem. outer performs $Q-$ learning compute an optimal policy. Several widely investigated measures (e.g., conditional value-at-risk, optimized certainty equivalent, and absolute s...

Let $\mathbf{F}_q$ be a finite field of $q$ elements. We show that the normalized Jacobi sum $q^{-(m-1)/2}J(\chi_1,\dots,\chi_m)$ ($\chi_1\dotsm \chi_m$ nontrivial) is asymptotically equidistributed on unit circle, when $\chi_1\in \mathcal{A}_1,\dots, \chi_m\in \mathcal{A}_m$ run through arbitrary sets nontrivial multiplicative characters $\mathbf{F}_q^\times$, if $\#\mathcal{A}_1\ge q^{\frac{1...

We study the transition between phases at large $R$-charge on a conformal manifold. These are characterized by behaviour of lowest operator dimension $\Delta(Q_R)$ for fixed and $Q_R$. focus, as an example, $D=3$, $\mathcal{N}=2$ Wess-Zumino model with cubic superpotential $W=XYZ+\frac{\tau}{6}(X^3+Y^3+Z^3)$, compute $\Delta(Q_R,\tau)$ using $\epsilon$-expansion in three interesting limits. In ...