We consider the work of reversible mixing of ideal gases using a real process. New assumptions were made concerning infinite shifts, infinite number of cycles and infinite work to provide an accurate calculation of entropy resulting from reversible mixing of ideal gases. We derived an equation showing the dependence of this entropy on the difference in potential of mixed gases, which is evidenc...

A pattern of tones is explored that possesses some remarkable properties. It is heard as ascending when played in one key, yet as descending when played in another key. When the pattern is recorded on tape and then played back at different speeds, it is heard either as ascending or as descending depending on the speed of playback. As a further paradox, the pattern in any given key is heard as a...

This paper develops and tests a model to examine the effects of information technology (IT) in the US banking industry. It is believed that IT can improve bank’s performance in two ways: IT can reduce operational cost (cost effect), and facilitate transactions among customers within the same network (network effect). The empirical studies, however, have shown inconsistency on this hypothesis; s...

This paper investigates if IT security is as a part of value creation. The first part of the commentary focuses on the current theoretical conditions for IT security as a part of value creation. Different Return On Security Investment (ROSI) models are studied to investigate if they can calculate value creation with regard either to efficiency or to effectiveness. The second part of the paper i...

Forthcoming in Social Choice and Welfare Abstract. Many groups make decisions over multiple interconnected propositions. The “doctrinal paradox” or “discursive dilemma” shows that propositionwise majority voting can generate inconsistent collective sets of judgments, even when individual sets of judgments are all consistent. I develop a simple model for determining the probability of the parado...

Given that one of the children in a two-child family is a boy, what are the chances that the other is also a boy. The intuitive answer is 50 : 50. More careful investigation leads us to a 1-in-3 chance. We investigate circumstances under which these answers are correct. The imposition of further conditions yields some very surprising results. To my sons Owen and Andrew, both born on Tuesday, on...

The so-called doctrinal paradox reveals that a jury that decides by majority on the truth of a set of propositions, may come to a conclusion that is at odds with a legal doctrine to which they all subscribe. The doctrinal paradox, and its subesequent generalization by List and Pettit (2003), reveal the logical difficulties of epistemic democracy. This paper presents several generalizations of t...

Moore’s Paradox is a statement of the form “p and I do not believe that p”, which can be true but is always absurd for an agent to assert. Such a statement poses a problem in that an agent is generally able to assert a true statement, but asserting Moore’s Paradox implies a contradiction of beliefs. I present an interpretation of Moore’s Paradox that preserves its absurdity while recasting it a...