It is shown by analysis of a cyclic enzymatic network that the presence zero net flux/current cycles impose strong thermodynamic constraints on values kinetic parameters. Thermodynamic carried out for four-node pyramidal reaction involving conversion 7,8-­dihydrofolate (H2F) and NADPH in H+ to 5,6,7,8-­tetrahydrofolate (H4F) NADP+ catalyzed universal enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The c...

This paper reports a simple, rapid, and sugar-selective method to induce gelation from glucose-containing samples. This method employs glucose oxidase (GOx) to selectively "recognize" and oxidize glucose to generate gluconic acid, which acts to solubilize calcium carbonate and release calcium ions. The release of calcium ions triggers gelation of the calcium-responsive polysaccharide alginate t...

Bioactive agents (catalase - an enzyme, and nisin - a bacteriocin) were covalently immobilized on alginate activated with sodium periodate (oxidatively converting 2,3-dihydroxy groups into dialdehyde residues), followed or preceded by ionotropic gelation. For the same protein coupling yield, the retained enzyme activity of the immobilized enzyme (ImE) can be markedly increased by diminishing th...

Enzyme efficiency was investigated in the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of canola oil in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2). Immobilized lipase from Mucor miehie (Lipozyme IM) was used as the catalyst and the results showed that enzyme efficiency dropped at high pressures indicating a possible change in enzyme microstructure. Therefore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used...

Increasing reports of anoxic pathways nitrite oxidation in oxygen deficient systems challenge longstanding ideas about biogeochemical nitrogen turnover. Here, we present stable isotope data from experiments examining the nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrococcus mobilis, grown under nitrate-reducing conditions. Results confirm that N. mobilis reduces nitrate to low oxygen, ostensibly via oxidore...

Lignin can be used as a cheap natural raw material to prepare organic aerogels based upon gelation and supercritical drying in ethanol. The aerogels were prepared from a mixture of the raw materials with lignin (L), resorcinol (R), and formaldehyde (F), followed by a reaction catalyzed by NaOH(C). The effect of the preparation conditions, such as the LRF concentration, the mass ratio of LR to N...

The reaction process and corresponding mechanism of coagulation and gelation of native soy protein isolates (SPIs) induced by microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) were investigated. The protein constituents of SPIs, including a majority of subunits of b-conglycinin and acidic subunits of glycinin, could be polymerized by MTGase to form high weight molecular (WM) biopolymers. Both the coagulation...

enzyme efficiency was investigated in the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of canola oil in supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2). immobilized lipase from mucor miehie (lipozyme im) was used as the catalyst and the results showed that enzyme efficiency dropped at high pressures indicating a possible change in enzyme microstructure. therefore, scanning electron microscopy (sem) was used as a supplemen...