A new multivariate analysis technique, developed to relate community composition to known variation in the environment, is described. The technique is an extension of correspondence analysis (reciprocal averaging), a popular ordination technique that extracts continuous axes of vari? ation from species occurrence or abundance data. Such ordination axes are typically interpreted with the help of...

The search for factors shaping leaf-litter ant communities has received particular attention due to the essential role of these insects in many ecological processes. Here, we aimed to investigate how the number of leaves and leaf morphotypes affect the litter-ant species density at forest edge and interior in an Atlantic Forest remnant in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. This study was developed b...

Coastal waters are dynamic because of anthropogenic activities that contribute nutrients and contaminants. These changes have the potential to alter patterns primary production thus pelagic food webs. Here, we investigated spatial variation phytoplankton community its response changing environmental variables at 84 stations along five coastal districts Tamil Nadu (TN). During present study, 85 ...

Consider the complete n-vertex graph whose edge-lengths are independent exponentially distributed random variables. Simultaneously for each pair of vertices, put a constant flow between them along the shortest path. Each edge gets some random total flow. In the n→∞ limit we find explicitly the empirical distribution of these edge-flows, suitably normalized.

the economic and market value of environmental goods and services are hidden. among the conventional methods of valuing and economic pricing the environmental amenities, one is hedonic pricing method (hpm) which in terms of economic point of view is based on the hypothesis that people usually determine their environmental consumption preference levels through choosing their houses. therefore, i...

various forms of capital provide sources in social structure that facilitate social action. the aim of this study was to compare available capitals in different generations of women. questionnaire was completed by 386 women and their mothers (a total of 772 questionnaires). the results indicate that cultural capital of the present generation has increased compared to past generation. social cap...

Background Few studies of edge effects on wildlife objectively identify habitat edges or explore non-linear responses. In this paper, we build on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) research that has begun to address these domains by using triangulation wombling to identify boundaries in beetle community structure and composition at the edges of forest patches with residential developments. W...