Natural cholera toxoid appears to act as a competitive inhibitor of cholera enterotoxin and is thus a useful tool for studying the interaction of cholera enterotoxin with cell membranes. Cholera enterotoxin binds to gut mucosa more rapidly than does its natural toxoid. Once binding occurs, however, it appears to be prolonged for both materials. Formalinized cholera toxoid has no inhibitory effe...

Two peptide bonds of staphylococcal enterotoxin C, were hydrolyzed concurrently at quite different rates during limited digestion with trypsin. A Lys-Val at about position 92 in the disulfide loop was the first bond cleaved, followed by a Lys-Asx at about position 57 on the NH2-terminal side of the loop. Preparations of singly cleaved material (enterotoxin C1-T1) contained about 93% of the clea...

staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen producing different types of toxins. enterotoxin a ( sea ) is the most common type among clinical and food-related strains. the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sea in clinical isolates of s. aureus . moreover, the correlation between sea producing strains and type of infection as well as resistance to antibiotics is also ...

objective: the role of staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) in food poisoning is well known, however its role in other diseases remains to be explored. the aim of this study is the molecular screening and characterization of the seb gene in clinically isolated strains. materials and methods: in this experimentally study, 300 staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) strains isolated from clinical samples...

Enterotoxin of Clostridium perfringens was assayed and compared with toxicity in mice and erythemal activity in guinea pigs. Conversion factors were used to express these biological activities of crude enterotoxin in terms of weight of pure enterotoxin protein. One microgram of enterotoxin was equivalent to 3.41 erythema units and to 0.68 mouse median lethal dose.

Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin was specifically detected and readily quantified by indirect and four-layer sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). With the indirect ELISA, enterotoxin was detected in quantities of as low as 2.5 ng (25 ng/ml). When the more sensitive sandwich ELISA procedures was used, 100 pg (1 ng/ml) of enterotoxin was detected. The sandwich ELISA pro...

BACKGROUND About 20 different types of staphylococcal enterotoxins are produced by Staphylococcus aureus, in which type A is more common in food poisoning syndrome. Also staphylococcal enterotoxin A superantigen is a potent inducer of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and cytokine production and could stimulate T cells containing T-cell receptor beta chain domains when binding to major histocompa...

Nineteen enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains of serogroup O78, isolated in different geographical areas from humans with diarrheal diseases, were tested for their ability to transfer enterotoxin production. All of the strains originally produced heat-labile enterotoxin, and 16 also produced heat-stable enterotoxin and colonization factor antigen I. Plasmids coding for the production of hea...