Cholera-like enterotoxin produced by a non-O1 strain of Vibrio cholerae, S7 (S7 enterotoxin), isolated from human diarrheal stool, was purified, and its physicochemical, biological, and immunological properties were compared with those of cholera enterotoxin from V. cholerae O1 569B (CT) and an enterotoxin produced by another non-O1 V. cholerae (E8498 enterotoxin) reported previously (Yamamoto ...

background rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. in this regard, the role of bacterial superantigens (as an effective agent) were considered. objectives this study aimed to assess staphylococcal enterotoxin e in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. patients and methods a total of 83 blood samples of patients with ra were studi...

aeromonas hydrophila secretes several extracellular proteins including enterotoxin, hemolysin and aerolysin that are associated with the bacterial virulence. previous studies have shown that two hemolytic toxins, hemolysin a and aerolysin a contribute to the virulence of aeromonas hydrophila. in the current study, a total of 50 strains of aeromonas hydrophila, including 28 (56%) strains isolate...

The epidemiological and bacteriological investigations on four foodborne outbreaks caused by a new type of enterotoxin-producing Clostridium perfringens are described. C. perfringens isolated from patients of these outbreaks did not produce any known enterotoxin and did not carry the C. perfringens enterotoxin gene. However, the culture filtrates of these isolates induced the accumulation of fl...

Staphylococcal enterotoxin types A and C, were observed by viscosimetry and near-ultraviolet difference spectroscopy to unfold at concentrations of aqueous guanidine hydrochloride greater than 1 M. Apparent rate constants of unfolding calculated from spectral curves differed markedly for the two enterotoxins. Rate constants for the unfolding of enterotoxin A in 2 or 3 M guanidine hydrochloride ...

conclusions based on the findings of this study, s. aureus enterotoxin c (sec) has been detected in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis by pcr and elisa methods. these valuable findings may describe the exact etiology of the ra and as well as change the methods of its diagnosis and treatment. this is the first research, which has shown the staphylococcal entc gene in synovial f...

Identification of a new enterotoxin was accomplished by purification of the enterotoxin produced by staphylococcal strain FRI-326 and by preparation of specific antitoxin to the enterotoxin. Toxicity of the preparations was determined in rhesus monkeys, and specificity of the enterotoxin-antitoxin reaction was determined in gel diffusion plates. The enterotoxin was designated enterotoxin E.

Sixty-nine strains of Clostridium perfringens of different toxigenic types were investigated for enterotoxin production. Enterotoxin was definitively detected only in strains of types A and C. This is the first report where enterotoxin production has been demonstrated in a toxigenic type other than type A. The exterotoxin-positive type C strains were isolated from cases of enteritis necroticans...

background : an accurate and prompt diagnosis of bacterial arthritis is essential for earlier treatment and a good outcome. superantigens produced by staph. aureus are among the most lethal toxins. the paper objective was identification of common bacterial antigens and s.aureus superantigens in synovial fluid (sf) of children with negative culture and direct smear for other bacteria except for ...

The binding of bacterial superantigens (SAgs) is profoundly affected by the nature of the MHC class II-associated antigenic peptide. It was proposed that this limitation in the density of SAgs displayed at the surface of APCs is important for efficient TCR serial triggering as well as for preventing apoptosis of the responding T lymphocytes. Here, we have addressed quantitatively the size of th...