Introduction Many of today's energy infrastructures evolved during the second half of the twentieth century and it could be questioned if they meet the requirements of tomorrow. Besides congested transmission systems, many facilities are approaching the end of their prospected life time. In addition to that, other issues such as the continuously growing demand for energy, the dependency on limi...

Abstract This study focused on energy saving in hub system using smart grid technologies and management of the demand. The two-layer is proposed for implementing saving. In first layer, demand such as electrical, thermal natural gas are optimized subject to optimal level at day-ahead. Then, applied second layer reduction generation costs. optimization approach done by shuffled frog leaping algo...

In an energy hub, each energy carrier can be converted to other forms of energy to meet electricity, heating and cooling power demand in an optimal manner. In this study, a framework is presented to optimally design and size interconnected energy hubs. It considers physical constraints on natural gas and electricity networks and environmental issues. The proposed design methodology decides on w...

in this paper we present the problem of designing a three level hub center network. in our network, the top level consists of a complete network where a direct link is between all central hubs.  the second and third levels consist of star networks that connect the hubs to central hubs and the demand nodes to hubs and thus to central hubs, respectively. we model this problem in an incomplete net...

The energy conversion units and storage equipment connected to the multi-energy system are becoming diversified, uncertain factors brought by distributed wind power photovoltaic generation make flow structure more complex, which brings great difficulties modeling application of traditional hub methods. This study deeply analyzes coupling operation mechanism systems, carries out calculation anal...