We investigated the distribution of endometrial lymphatic vessels and expression of forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) in normal endometrium during menstrual cycle and in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Full-thickness uterine samples and endometrial adenocarcinoma samples were collected for immunohistochemical analysis using D2-40 and FOXC2 mouse monoclonal antibodies. The lymphatic vessel density (LVD) of th...

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. The fragments in normal menstruation are composed of necrotic and living cells, which do not survive in ectopic locations because of programmed cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis is changed ...

Objective To investigate the relationship between Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis(TWEAK) and endometriosis. Methods TWEAK mRNA and protein concentrations in paired samples of eutopic endometrial tissue from women with and without endometriosis, and also of ectopic endometrial tissue from women with endometriosis were measured by Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and...

The expression patterns in Meishan- and Yorkshire-derived endometrium during early (gestational day 15) and mid-gestation (gestational days 26 and 50) were investigated, respectively. Totally, 689 and 1649 annotated genes were identified to be differentially expressed in Meishan and Yorkshire endometrium during the three gestational stages, respectively. Hierarchical clustering analysis identif...

BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and vascular remodeling play critical roles in the cyclical growth and regression of endometrium. They also appear to play roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Supernatants were collected from cultured endometrium isolated from women with and without endometriosis. These supernatants induced endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in ...

Local endometrial aberrations are thought to be the major contributing factor to essential menorrhagia. Here we have examined the role of endometrial angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, in essential menorrhagia. Our study tested two hypotheses: firstly that angiogenesis is disturbed in the endometrium of women with menorrhagia; and secondly that when menstrual blood loss is decreased...

Metastatic carcinoma from extragenital sites to the uterus, particularly endometrium, is rare and usually a sign of advanced disease. It necessary differentiate between metastatic primary tumours since treatment prognosis are entirely different. We discuss case 61-year-old woman who presented with postmenopausal bleeding due breast cancer endometrium. She had been diagnosed on tamoxifen for six...

AIM To obtain insight into the effects of oestrogen on extracellular matrix (ECM) in the postmenopausal endometrium. METHODS The distribution of the components of the ECM, including collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, and laminin, was investigated in the human postmenopausal endometrium by an indirect immunofluorescence method with specific monoclonal antibodies and a polyclonal antibody. Coll...

BACKGROUND Heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea are two top complaints from women with symptomatic adenomyosis, yet their etiology is poorly understood. Tissue factor (TF) has been shown to be upregulated in endometriosis and at the endometrial bleeding sites of women with long-term progestin only contraception. We sought to investigate the expression and localization of TF in eutopic and ...

Background MIF via its receptor, CD74, initiates a signaling cascade that leads to proliferation and survival of cells. Also, MIF binding to CD74 activates p38 signaling pathways that lead to positive effect on the expression of COX-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression profile of MIF, CD74 and COX-2 in normal, ectopic and eutopic endometrium during menstrual cycle. The e...