two continuously regenerating traps crt-a and crt-b were evaluated under the controlled carbonyl emissions from a turbocharged diesel engine run on an ac electrical dynamometer. the gas-phase carbonyls were taken in silica gel cartridges coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine both upstream (baseline) and downstream of the traps, and a total of fourteen carbonyls were identified and then quantif...

As more power generation facilities fall under increasingly strict environmental regulations, many difficult emissions control questions must be answered. In addition, the changes on the electricity market make efficient generation vital if a plant is to remain viable. Until recently an effective method for identifying optimal emissions control technologies has been elusive. Fortunately, emissi...

The non-linear chemistry, responsible for ozone formation poses problems in developing an optimized abatement strategy. Estimates of emissions are often quite uncertain, e.g. in estimates of biogenic emissions and car emissions. Effective abatement should be based on a careful evaluation of local conditions regarding oxidant formation. Some control strategies are effective in one place, but not...

This paper aims to find the efficient state of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) by simultaneous optimization of the control strategy and the power train. The power transmission employed in this vehicle is a power-split continuously variable transmission (CVT) which uses several fixed ratio mechanisms. After describing this transmission, the rules of electric assist control strategy are introduced....

Methyl iodide (MeI) is increasingly being used as a highly effective alternative to the soil fumigant methyl bromide. Due to its volatile and toxic nature, MeI draws wide attention on its potential atmospheric emission following field fumigation treatment. Using soil columns that make it possible to determine emissions and gas phase distribution of soil fumigants, we studied MeI behavior in two...

Concerns about health effects due to emissions from ships have magnified international policy debate regarding low-sulfur fuel mandates for marine fuel. Policy discussions center on setting sulfur content levels and the geographic specification of low-sulfur fuel use. We quantify changes in premature mortality due to emissions from ships under several sulfur emissions control scenarios. We comp...

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are driven by two energy convertors, i.e., an Internal Combustion (IC) engine and an electric machine. To make powertrain of HEV as efficient as possible, proper management of the energy elements is essential. This task is completed by HEV controller, which splits power between the IC engine and Electric Motor (EM). In this paper, a Genetic-Fuzzy control strategy...

To examine the efficacy of China’s actions to control atmospheric pollution, three levels of growth of energy consumption and three levels of implementation of emission controls are estimated, generating a total of nine combined activity-emission control scenarios that are then used to estimate trends of national emissions of primary air pollutants through 2030. The emission control strategies ...

High concentrations of ozone in the Houston/Galveston area are associated with industrial plumes of highly reactive hydrocarbons mixed with NOx. The emissions leading to these plumes can have significant temporal variability, and photochemical modeling indicates that the emissions variability can lead to increases and decreases of 10–50 ppb, or more, in ozone concentrations. Therefore, in regio...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are crucial to control air pollution in major Chinese cities since VOCs are the dominant factor influencing ambient ozone level, and also an important precursor of secondary organic aerosols. Vehicular evaporative emissions have become a major and growing source of VOC emissions in China. This study consists of lab tests, technology evaluation, emissions modeli...