The precise time of appearance of the first hematopoietic stem cell activity in the developing mouse embryo is unknown. Recently the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region of the developing mouse embryo has been shown to possess hematopoietic colony-forming activity (CFU-S) in irradiated recipient mice. To determine whether the mouse embryo possesses definitive hematopoietic stem cell activity in the a...

This study examines the transfer of lipids from the yolk to the embryo of the king penguin, a seabird with a high dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids. The concentrations of total lipid, triacylglycerol (TAG), and phospholipid (PL) in the yolk decreased by ~80% between days 33 and 55 of development, indicating intensive lipid transfer, whereas the concentration of cholesteryl ester (CE) increased ...

The rapid acceleration of an embryo into an increasingly heterogeneous organism begins early in development with a flood of biochemical changes that accompanies the appearance and growth of organs. The nucleic acids, particularly the ribonucleic acids (RNA), are involved in these profuse changes although the manner of their involvement is only partly understood. We are attempting to define furt...

Levels of liver enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase are clinical markers of liver injury, and are used to diagnose and monitor alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury (Goessling and Friedman, 2005). Plasma concentrations of these enzymes can also be affected by heri...

The sugar nucleotide analogue UDP-glucosamine was found to function as a sugar donor in microsomal preparations of both chick-embryo cells and rat liver, yielding dolichyl monophosphate glucosamine (Dol-P-GlcN). This was characterized by t.l.c. and retention by DEAE-cellulose. Glucosamine was the only water-soluble product released on mild acid hydrolysis. Dol-P-GlcN did not serve as substrate ...

1. Synthesis of o-aminophenyl glucuronide has been studied in tissues of the domestic fowl, Gallus gallus, during development. 2. The only route of synthesis detected is glucuronyl transfer from UDP-glucuronic acid, and evidence suggests this to be the major pathway. 3. The pathway exists in liver, to a lesser extent in kidney and alimentary tract, and possibly also in skin. It is absent from s...

objective: rice bran oil (rbo) is extracted from the outer layer of rice. little information is available regarding its safety. the present study was conducted to assess its safety in chicken embryo model. materials and methods: rbo was injected on day 4 of incubation of chickens. the tissues and serum samples were collected. oxidative stress parameters in the liver, kidney and brain and bioche...

End-stage organ failure is a major global issue, with the liver being second-highest transplanted due to lifestyle choices or other conditions. In field of biomedical engineering, artificial manufacturing has been possible alternative transplants by aiming achieve less immune rejection, more efficient production, and higher accessibility. Of biological methods today, two up-and-coming technolog...

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of fatty acids. Because fatty acids are required during myelination in the developing brain, it was proposed that the level of acetyl-CoA carboxylase may be highest in embryonic brain. The presence of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity was detected in chick embryo brain. Its activity varied with age, showing a peak in the 1...