objective: in recent years, antibiotics have been used widely in the glob to prevent and treat bacterial diseases. they injected into eggs to eliminate pathogens and prevention of egg transmission of disease, but the adverse effects of drugs have always been a major concern. there is little information available about the safety of tetracycline drugs in the embryonated eggs of the birds. the ob...

Background: One of the main problems in ART is low pregnancy rates. The factors involved in successful pregnancy include; 1. mother related factors such as the status of endometrial receptivity and hormonal status of the mother. 2. embryo related factors such as; number of transferred embryo, embryo scores including: number and size of the blastomeres, and their fragmentation. The aim of the pr...

messenger rnas may be targeted by short 19-27 nt rnas generally called small none-coding rnas (snrnas), the role of mirnas among other snrnas has been more studied and is well known. many researches show that all compartments of risc, proteins and mirnas take part in this wide range of regulatory impacts. ago protein homologs plus mirnas and target mrnas form a silencing complex in p-bodies whi...

background: nowadays, oocytes and embryos vitrification has become a routine technique. based on clinical judgment, re-vitrification maybe required. but little is known about re-vitrification impact on genes expression. objective: the impact of re-vitrification on apoptotic and implanting genes, bax, bcl-2 and erbb4, at compaction stage embryos were evaluated in this study. materials and method...

the aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of stage of embryonic development, embryo quality and the time of transfer on pregnancy rate in embryo transfer program timed. we were worked a total of 23holsteincowsasembryo donors, super-ovulated with gonadotropin of pregnant mare serum (pmsg) (2500 3000ui).69 cows were used as recipients of holstein dairy heifers with an age of20 months and...

Embryo culture were used to produce inter specific walnut hybrid plants between Juglans nigra L. and J. regia L. Developed ovaries were collected from J. rejia female flowers which were pollinated with J. nigra pollen grain by high dusting on a mature tree. In order to isolate embryos, exocarps were aseptically removed. Isolated embryos from ovules at different developmental stages were transfe...