Introduction Submandibular gland sialolithiasis is a common disease treated by oral surgery, and many case reports have been presented in the Japanese medical literature[1-31]. However, the observation of salivary stones by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X-ray microanalysis has not been widely reported[25-31]. Recently, we treated four cases of submandibular gland sialolithiasi...

Garnet-like oxides having the formula Li7+X−YLa3−XAXZr2−YNbYO12 (A = Sr or Ca) were synthesized using a solid-state reaction, and their bulk and grain boundary resistivities were assessed by AC impedance measurements. A difference in grain boundary resistivity was identified between Sr and Ca materials, and so the grain boundaries were examined using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The dif...

An initial study of the minor element, trace element, and impurities in Corning archeological references glasses have been performed using three microbeam techniques: electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation ICP-mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The EPMA results suggest a significant level of heterogeneity for a number of metals. Conversely, h...

Secondary fluorescence across phase boundaries is a difficult problem encountered in several electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) situations: diffusion couples; small phases enclosed in a larger phases; eutectic intergrowths; and thin films. In some cases, it is possible to construct nondiffused couples and to measure the amount of secondary fluorescence across the phase boundary, but in most ca...

In this paper we review the crystal chemistry and structure data from the literature and our results reported in the last decade for natural and synthetic samples of the tantalite-columbite series. Orderdisorder transitions and oxidation reactions on the ixiolite-columbite-wodginite system are reported for one Brazilian sample. It is shown that reports on these subjects are sometimes dubious an...

Introduction: A precise knowledge of bulk chemical compositions of chondrules is not only essential for understanding the relationship between chondrules and matrix [e.g. 1], but also for constraining the chondrule forming mechanism [2]. Despite the given importance, relatively few data sets for chondrule bulk chemical compositions are available in the literature, especially for the most primit...

The present study investigated phase equilibria in the Na2O-SiO2-WO3 system experimentally using high-temperature equilibration, quenching, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA). New thermodynamic information on was derived based newly obtained experimental results data from literature. primary fields of sodium metasilicate, disilicate, tridymite were determined along with isotherms at ...

Electron beam techniques namely Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the closely related Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) find ample applications on the characterization of various types of geological materials including clays. They provide morphological, structural and chemical information down to the atomic scale. The principal advantage of the ele...