Partial-post Laplace barriers have been postulated as a means to allow electrowetting transport and geometrical reshaping of fluids, followed by the preservation of fluid geometry after the electrowetting voltage is removed. Reported here is the first investigation of Laplace barriers with the arrayed electrodes and splitting/merging transport functions for an electrowetting lab-on-a-chip. Lapl...

A technique has been developed for fabricating three dimensional "hair brush" electrode arrays from monocrystalline silicon blocks. Arrays consist of a square pattern of 100 penetrating electrodes, with 400 microns interelectrode spacing. Each electrode is 1.5mm in length and tapers from about 100 microns at its base to a sharp point at the tip. The tips of each electrode are coated with platin...

Neural prosthesis has been successfully applied to patients with motional or sensory disabilities for clinical purpose. To enhance the performance of the neural prosthetic device, the electrodes for the biosignal recording or electrical stimulation should be located in closer proximity to target neurons than they are now. Instead of revising the prior implanting surgery to improve the electrica...

This paper presents a high-precision capacitive angular position sensor (CAPS). The CAPS is designed to be excited by a single voltage to eliminate the matching errors of multi-excitations, and it is mainly composed of excitation electrodes, coupling electrodes, petal-form sensitive electrodes and a set of collection electrodes. A sinusoidal voltage is applied on the excitation electrodes, then...

Abstract Among the applied challenges associated with use of electric-arc plasma, most urgent is erosion electrodes in plasmatrons, which determine continuous operation an electric-plasma device. Investigation results on thermal state hot cathodes and their are presented depending main defining parameters, namely geometrical dimensions electrodes, Joule heating, current arc discharge, gas mediu...

electrical resistivity survey is used to explore subsurface layers in hydrology, geology, mining, geotechnical and environmental investigations. the resistivity measurements are normally made by injecting current into the ground through two current electrodes, and measuring the resulting voltage difference at two potential electrodes. electrical resistivity is a function of injection current, m...

Microfabricated impedance cytometers have been developed to measure the electrical impedance of single biological particles at high speed. A general approach to analytically solve the electric field distributions for two different designs of cytometers: parallel facing electrodes and coplanar electrodes, using the Schwarz-Christoffel Mapping method is presented. Compared to previous analytical ...

As the dimensions of electronic devices approach those of molecules, the size, geometry, and chemical composition of the contact electrodes play increasingly dominant roles in device functions. It is shown here that single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) can be used as quasi-one-dimensional (1D) electrodes to construct organic field effect transistors (FET) with molecular scale width ( approxima...

It is shown that the photon position operator $\hat{\vec{X}}$ with commuting components can be written in momentum representation as $\hat{\vec{X}}=i \hat{\vec{D}}$, where $\hat{\vec{D}}$ a flat connection tangent bundle $T(\mathbb{R}^3 \setminus \{ (0,0,k_3) \in \mathbb{R}^3 : k_3 \geq 0\})$ over $\mathbb{R}^3 0\}$ equipped Cartesian structure. Moreover, such $2$-planes orthogonal to are paral...