The well-established symmetry relations for linear transport phenomena cannot, in general, be applied in the nonlinear regime. Here we propose a set of symmetry relations with respect to bias voltage and magnetic field for the nonlinear conductance of two-terminal electric conductors. We experimentally confirm these relations using phase-coherent, semiconductor quantum dots.

Sotoodehinia et al 1 investigated the role of common genetic variations (single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs) in determining QRS duration. The authors performed a meta-analysis of 14 genome-wide association studies of QRS duration in a total of 40 407 individuals (after adjustment for clinical variables) using a cut off of P 5 10 . The discovery phase was followed by a validation study consis...

Large single-crystal domains of WS2 are grown by chemical vapor deposition, and their photoluminescent properties under a lateral electric field are studied. We demonstrate that monolayer and bilayer WS2 have opposite responses to lateral electric fields, with WS2 photoluminescence (PL) substantially reduced in monolayer and increased in bilayers with increasing lateral electric field strength....

Catalytic steam reforming of methane for hydrogen production proceeds even at 473 K over 1 wt% Pd/CeO2 catalyst in an electric field, thanks to the surface protonics. Kinetic analyses demonstrated the synergetic effect between catalytic reaction and electric field, revealing strengthened water pressure dependence of the reaction rate when applying an electric field, with one-third the apparent ...

Unidirectional electric current flow, such as that found in a diode, is essential for modern electronics. It usually occurs at asymmetric interfaces such as p-n junctions or metal/semiconductor interfaces with Schottky barriers. We report on a diode effect associated with the direction of bulk electric polarization in BiFeO3: a ferroelectric with a small optical gap edge of approximately 2.2 el...