In this paper, we extend our work on iterative softinput soft-output (SISO) decoding of high density parity check (HDPC) codes. Edge-local complementation (ELC) is a graph operation which can be used to give structural diversity during decoding with the sum-product algorithm (SPA). We describe the specific subgraphs required for ELC to not increase the weight of the Tanner graph beyond a specif...

Recently, an alternative route to the proteasomal protein-degradation pathway was discovered that specifically targets transmembrane proteins marked with a single ubiquitin to the endosomal multivesicular body (MVB) and, subsequently, to the vacuole (yeast) or lysosome (animals), where they are degraded by proteases. Vps23p/TSG101 is a key component of the ESCRT I-III machinery in yeast and ani...

The ear lobe crease (ELC) has been defined as a deep wrinkle that extends backwards from the tragus to the auricle. It has been proposed that ELC is a predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD). In this review, we consider the possible association between ELC and CAD. Our aim is to systematically address all the relevant evidence in this field. There are many studies that support an association...

Dictyostelium myosin deficient in the essential light chain (ELC) does not function normally either in vivo or in vitro (Pollenz, R. S., Chen, T. L., Trivinos-Lagos, L., and Chisholm, R. L. (1992) Cell 69, 951-962). Since normal myosin function requires association of ELC, we investigated the domains of ELC that are necessary for binding to the myosin heavy chain (MHC). Deleting the NH2-termina...

BACKGROUND To report the prevalence of ear lobe crease (ELC), a sign of coronary heart disease, in subjects (more than 40 years old) with diabetes and find its association with diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Subjects were recruited from the Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology And Molecular-genetics Study (SN-DREAMS), a cross-sectional study between 2003 and 2006; the data were...

BACKGROUND Earlobe crease (ELC) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or risk factors (CVRF) and could be a marker predisposing to CVD. However, most studies studied only a small number of CVRF and no complete assessment of the associations between ELC and CVRF has been performed in a single study. METHODS Population-based study (n = 4635, 46.7% men) conducted between 2009 an...

A comparative study between the topologies consisting of the Conventional Electronic Load Controller and the Proposed Electronic Load controller (ELC)has been carried out in this paper for the power Quality Improvement in a conventional Electronic Load controller used for Isolated pico-hydropower generation using Asynchronous generator (AG). A polygon wound autotransformer with reduced Kilo Vol...

Myosin essential light chain (ELC) wraps around an alpha-helix that extends from the myosin head, where it is believed to play a structural support role. To identify other role(s) of the ELC in myosin function, we have used an alanine scanning mutagenesis approach to convert charged residues in loops I, II, III, and helix G of the Dictyostelium ELC into uncharged alanines. Dictyostelium was use...

The C-terminus of myosin-S1 forms the alpha-helical lever arm which is associated with an essential and a regulatory light chain. The lever arm is believed to work as an elastic ratchet which moves during force-generation from an up into a down position. The ELC in the heart tethers the tick and thin filaments by binding with its four EF-hand domains to the myosin lever arm, while the antenna-l...

Background This economic evaluation quantifies the cost-effectiveness of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DLC) in the management of acute cholecystitis. The two interventions were assessed in terms of outcome measures, including utilities, to derive quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as a unit of effectiveness. This study hypothesizes that E...