The present research was aimed to study the effects of different sources of carotenoids and their varying concentrations on the reproductive functions of goldfish. The study was carried out in seven treatments with three replicates at the Bony Fish Hatchery Complex (Rasht, Iran) from December 2011 to May 2012. Experimental diets containing 50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1 astaxanthin and 50, 100, and 1...

--Bird eggs begin to lose weight as soon as they are laid but their volume and linear dimensions do not change during incubation. The volume of an egg can be estimated within 2% from the relationship: Volume = 0.51. LB2, where L is the length and B is the breadth (maximum diameter). The fresh weight of an egg can be estimated within 2% from the relationship: Weight = Kw' LB 2, where K w is a sp...

the present research was aimed to study the effects of different sources of carotenoids and their varying concentrations on the reproductive functions of goldfish. the study was carried out in seven treatments with three replicates at the bony fish hatchery complex (rasht, iran) from december 2011 to may 2012. experimental diets containing 50, 100, and 150 mg kg-1 astaxanthin and 50, 100, and 1...

By means of immunochemical techniques, the protein components of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of the egg yolk have been examined in the unincubated egg and during incubation. Anti-ovalbumin and anti-total adult chicken serum antisera have been employed. Ovalbumin can be detected in the unincubated WSF as well as during incubation; its concentration seems to increase during incubation. In th...

Monitoring the vital signs of a developing embryo is very useful in avian breeding programs, especially during early days of incubation, so that dead or unfertilized eggs can be timely removed from incubator and new eggs can be placed in. A noninvasive system for detecting the vital signs of avian embryo through intact egg in early stage of incubation has been developed using laser speckle imag...

We examined whether the previously reported low cost of embryonic development in pelicans could be attributed to a more efficient conversion of egg energy to hatchling tissues as a result of high initial egg water content, low embryonic metabolic rate and growth later in incubation than in more precocious species. We therefore determined egg and hatchling composition and the development of embr...