BACKGROUND Community-based efforts to promote physical activity (PA) in adults have been found to be cost-effective in general, but it is unknown if this is true in middle-age specifically. Age group-specific economic evaluations could help inform the design and delivery of better and more tailored PA promotion. METHODS A Markov model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness (CE) of 7...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the costs and cost-effectiveness of a telephonic behavioral intervention to promote glycemic control in the Improving Diabetes Outcomes study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using the provider perspective and a time horizon to the end of the 1-year intervention, we calculate the costs of a telephonic intervention by health educators compared with an active control (prin...

AIMS To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an intervention substituting physicians with nurse specialists. BACKGROUND   Increasing populations of people with diabetes in most Western countries require creative solutions that give high-quality chronic care while controlling costs. Instigating nurse specialists as a substitute for physicians yields positive results in this area. Research about ...

BACKGROUND To support policy making, we developed an initial model to assess the cost-effectiveness of potential strategies to increase influenza vaccination rates among children in China. METHODS We studied on children aged 6 months to 14 years in four provinces (Shandong, Henan, Hunan, and Sichuan), with a health care system perspective. We used data from 2005/6 to 2010/11, excluding 2009/1...

BACKGROUND The availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing and vaccination against HPV types 16 and 18 (HPV-16,18) motivates questions about the cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention in the United States for unvaccinated older women and for girls eligible for vaccination. METHODS An empirically calibrated model was used to assess the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), ...

CONTEXT Effective community-based interventions are available to control hypertension. It is important to determine the economics of these interventions. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Peer-reviewed studies from January 1995 through December 2015 were screened. Interventions were categorized into educational interventions, self-monitoring interventions, and screening interventions. Incremental cost-eff...

BACKGROUND Measles remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. Due to the success of the measles mortality reduction and elimination efforts thus far, the WHO has raised the question of whether global eradication of measles is economically feasible. METHODS The cost-effectiveness of various measles mortality reduction and eradication scenarios wa...

BACKGROUND: Earlier cost-effectiveness studies showed the cost-effectiveness ratios for pneumococcal vaccination in preventing cases of Bacteremic Pneumococcal Disease (BPD) alone to vary between 11,000 and 33,000 per quality-adjusted life year. If vaccination is also assumed to be effective in preventing cases of Non Bacteremic Pneumococcal Disease (NBPD) (at the same level of effectiveness), ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the cost effectiveness of several cervical cancer screening strategies utilizing HPV testing in South Africa. METHODS We developed a lifetime Markov model of the costs, quality of life, and survival associated with screening and treating cervical cancer and its precursors. Screening strategies evaluated included: 1) conventional cytology, 2) cytology followed by HPV tes...