Analogue Modulation techniques, such as subcarrier multiplexing (SCM), are receiving much attention due to the advantage of centralised signal processing utilising a single wavelength combined with huge fibre bandwidth capability. Nonlinearity in the system, especially the E/O converter device, tends to be a limiting factor affecting the dynamic range capabilities of the system in terms of the ...

Dietary carbohydrates can be divided into two basic fractions: fibre and nonfibre carbohydrates (NFC). Fibre in dairy cow rations is essential for animal health, since it is required to support an appropriate rumen function and physiology. Therefore, ruminants require fibre in coarse physical form for a more effective chewing and ruminal activity. Increasing fibre content and forage particle si...

A simple analytical technique is presented for obtaining lower bounds to the effective moduli of unidirec-tional fibre-reinforced composites with any repetitive array of fibres. The analysis depends upon a direct method involving stress-equilibrium and strain-continuity considerations, and thus it differs from the type of analysis due to Hashin and Hill (and others) involving variational method...

If an operator has as starting position a Full Copper topology in which ADSL or VDSL is offered from the Central Office, the next choice he has to make is to provide Full FttH or use another topology option, e.g. FttCab, first as intermediate step to provide a next generation service package. In this paper we present a gradual topology migration path from Full Copper via FttCab and Hybrid FttH ...

Oil spill constitutes a major source of fresh and seawater pollution as a result of accidental discharge from tankers, marine engines, and underwater pipes. Therefore, the need for cost-effective and environmental friendly sorbent materials for oil spill cleanup cannot be overemphasized. The present work focuses on the preliminary study of empty palm fruit bunch fibre as a promising sorbent mat...

Bacterial contamination of gastrointestinal fibre-endoscopes is a potential source of clinically significant infection. Aqueous 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde adequately disinfects fibre-endoscopes but may cause serious sensitivity reactions among endoscopy staff. A new 'closed-system' disinfecting apparatus is described that disinfects with glutaraldehyde for 30 minutes before an endoscopy session...

Researchers are within a factor of 2 or so from realizing the maximum practical transmission capacity of conventional single-mode fibre transmission technology. It is therefore timely to consider new technological approaches offering the potential for more cost-effective scaling of network capacity than simply installing more and more conventional single-mode systems in parallel. In this paper,...

The development of thulium-doped fibre lasers (TDFL) is motivated by numerous potential applications in spectroscopy, remote sensing, medicine, material processing, and telecommunications. The all-fibre corepumped ring cavity TDFLs exploiting fiberized grating-based filter [1] or Fabry-Pérot etalon [2] as a wavelength selective element were reported. An optical isolator should be inserted into ...

We present a co-axial dual-core resonant leaky optical fibre design, in which the outer core is made highly leaky. A suitable choice of parameters can enable us to resonantly couple power from the inner core to the outer core. In a large-core fibre, such a resonant coupling can considerably increase the differential leakage loss between the fundamental and the higher order modes and can result ...